Older age, symptoms, or anemia: Which factors increase colorectal cancer risk with a positive fecal immunochemical test?

Fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) are used to screen asymptomatic individuals aged 50–74 years for colorectal cancer (CRC) within the Australian screening program. Gastrointestinal symptoms or iron deficiency anemia (IDA) may also drive primary care physicians to request a FIT. This study aimed to examine factors that may increase neoplasia risk associated with a positive FIT, specifically age, gastrointestinal symptoms, or IDA.

[1]  C. Mowat,et al.  Impact of introducing a faecal immunochemical test (FIT) for haemoglobin into primary care on the outcome of patients with new bowel symptoms: a prospective cohort study , 2019, BMJ open gastroenterology.

[2]  S. Laurberg,et al.  The value of using the faecal immunochemical test in general practice on patients presenting with non-alarm symptoms of colorectal cancer , 2018, British Journal of Cancer.

[3]  Cheyne Chalmers,et al.  Introduction of the Nurse Endoscopist Role in One Australian Health Service , 2017, Gastroenterology nursing : the official journal of the Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates.

[4]  Mi Yeon Lee,et al.  A Combination of Fecal Immunochemical Test Results and Iron Deficiency Anemia for Detection of Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia in Asymptomatic Men , 2017, Yonsei medical journal.

[5]  H. Nielsen,et al.  Serological biomarkers in triage of FIT-positive subjects? , 2017, Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology.

[6]  E. Kuipers,et al.  Real-Time Monitoring of Results During First Year of Dutch Colorectal Cancer Screening Program and Optimization by Altering Fecal Immunochemical Test Cut-Off Levels. , 2017, Gastroenterology.

[7]  G. Meijer,et al.  Molecular stool testing as an alternative for surveillance colonoscopy: a cross-sectional cohort study , 2017, BMC Cancer.

[8]  C. Sohn,et al.  Risk Factors for False Fecal Immunochemical Test Results in Colorectal Cancer Screening , 2017, Journal of clinical gastroenterology.

[9]  C. Fraser,et al.  Use of a faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin can aid in the investigation of patients with lower abdominal symptoms , 2016, Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine.

[10]  C. Germer,et al.  Improved survival of patients with colon cancer detected by screening colonoscopy , 2016, International Journal of Colorectal Disease.

[11]  H. Brenner,et al.  Expected long-term impact of the German screening colonoscopy programme on colorectal cancer prevention: analyses based on 4,407,971 screening colonoscopies. , 2015, European journal of cancer.

[12]  E. Kuipers,et al.  Colorectal cancer screening: a global overview of existing programmes , 2015, Gut.

[13]  S. Cole,et al.  Factors affecting faecal immunochemical test positive rates: demographic, pathological, behavioural and environmental variables , 2015, Journal of medical screening.

[14]  Reiko Nishihara,et al.  Long-term colorectal-cancer incidence and mortality after lower endoscopy. , 2013, The New England journal of medicine.

[15]  S. Cole,et al.  Shift to earlier stage at diagnosis as a consequence of the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program , 2013, The Medical journal of Australia.

[16]  S. Singhal,et al.  Colonoscopy for Colorectal Cancer Screening Above Age 75: Outcomes in Symptomatic African American and Hispanic Adults , 2011, Journal of gastrointestinal cancer.

[17]  A. Crispin,et al.  Risk of Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia According to Age and Gender , 2011, PloS one.

[18]  Charles J. Kahi,et al.  Effect of screening colonoscopy on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. , 2009, Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association.

[19]  P Glasziou,et al.  Screening for colorectal cancer using the faecal occult blood test, Hemoccult. , 2007, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[20]  A. Stewart,et al.  A New TNM Staging Strategy for Node-Positive (Stage III) Colon Cancer: An Analysis of 50,042 Patients , 2002, Annals of surgery.

[21]  R. Capocaccia,et al.  Efficacy in standard clinical practice of colonoscopic polypectomy in reducing colorectal cancer incidence , 2001, Gut.

[22]  H. Nakama,et al.  Colorectal cancer in iron deficiency anemia with a positive result on immunochemical fecal occult blood , 2000, International Journal of Colorectal Disease.

[23]  A. Zauber,et al.  Prevention of colorectal cancer by colonoscopic polypectomy. The National Polyp Study Workgroup. , 1993 .

[24]  J. Kleijnen,et al.  Faecal immunochemical tests to triage patients with lower abdominal symptoms for suspected colorectal cancer referrals in primary care: a systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis. , 2017, Health technology assessment.

[25]  M. Cowie.  National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. , 2015, European heart journal.