On the application of wavelet transform for symmetrical components computations in the presence of stationary and non-stationary power quality disturbances

Abstract Symmetrical components method allows systematic analysis of unbalanced three-phase systems. This method represents the backbone for many applications in an electric power system (EPS) such as fault analysis, power system protection, power and energy measurements. Moreover, with the increased penetration of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), studying and evaluating the distribution system unbalance considering power quality disturbance pronounced by fleet of these vehicles, becomes a necessity. In time-invariant polluted environment, the measurements of the symmetrical components for the fundamental and harmonic components could be performed using Fourier basics. However Fourier-based techniques are unsuitable in the presence of any time-variant power quality disturbance which is typically the case when considering PHEVs and other nonlinear industrial process such as computer numerical control (CNC) machines. In this paper, time-frequency expressions for the symmetrical components are developed using different wavelet transforms: Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) and Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT). The paper also includes a comparative study of the results obtained when applying the developed approach using different wavelet basis functions, such as Daubechies, Coiflets and Symlets into three case studies (two synthetic and one real) including unbalanced three-phase system under different operating conditions while considering different kind of disturbances. The results are analyzed and conclusions are presented. The outcomes of this study lay the ground for further studies in unbalanced distribution system with high penetration of PHEVs, two-way protection devices for smart grid and power quality evaluation.

[1]  Truong Q. Nguyen,et al.  Wavelets and filter banks , 1996 .

[2]  Qing Chang,et al.  Studies on the sequence circuits of harmonics in three-phase power system , 2000, 2000 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37077).

[3]  Alan V. Oppenheim,et al.  Discrete-Time Signal Pro-cessing , 1989 .

[4]  M. El-Hawary,et al.  Reformulating Three-Phase Power Components Definitions Contained in the IEEE Standard 1459–2000 Using Discrete Wavelet Transform , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[5]  Irene Yu-Hua Gu,et al.  Signal processing of power quality disturbances , 2006 .

[6]  E.F. El-Saadany,et al.  An on-line measurement of symmetrical components utilizing the energy operator , 2006, 2006 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[7]  M. Karimi-Ghartemani,et al.  Processing of Symmetrical Components in Time-Domain , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[8]  M. El-Hawary,et al.  A New Perspective for the IEEE Standard 1459-2000 Via Stationary Wavelet Transform in the Presence of Nonstationary Power Quality Disturbance , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[9]  Eugeniusz Rosolowski,et al.  Fast identification of symmetrical components by use of a state observer , 1994 .

[10]  M. Karimi-Ghartemani,et al.  Analysis of symmetrical components in time-domain , 2005, 48th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2005..

[11]  Humberto Henao,et al.  The discrete Fourier transform for computation of symmetrical components harmonics , 2003, 2003 IEEE Bologna Power Tech Conference Proceedings,.

[12]  T. Łobos.  Fast estimation of symmetrical components in real time , 1992 .

[13]  Hadi Saadat,et al.  Power System Analysis , 1998 .

[14]  Walid G. Morsi,et al.  A new reactive, distortion and non-active power measurement method for nonstationary waveforms using wavelet packet transform , 2009 .

[15]  E. Wigner.  On the quantum correction for thermodynamic equilibrium , 1932 .

[16]  K. Al-Haddad,et al.  Application of the Instantaneous Power With the symmetrical components theory to Control Unbalanced and Non-Sinusoidal Three Phase Power System , 2007, 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[18]  Miodrag D. Kusljevic.  Symmetrical Components Estimation Through Maximum Likelihood Algorithm and Adaptive Filtering , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement.

[19]  S. I. Ahson,et al.  Microprocessor implementation of fast Walsh-Hadamard transform for calculation of symmetrical components , 1988 .

[20]  A.E. Emanuel,et al.  Summary of IEEE standard 1459: definitions for the measurement of electric power quantities under sinusoidal, nonsinusoidal, balanced, or unbalanced conditions , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[21]  M. E. El-Hawary,et al.  Application of Kalman filtering for online estimation of symmetrical components for power system protection , 1996 .

[22]  S. Mallat.  A wavelet tour of signal processing , 1998 .

[23]  Masoud Karimi-Ghartemani,et al.  Online estimation of steady state and instantaneous symmetrical components , 2003 .

[24]  V. Terzija,et al.  Symmetrical Components Estimation through Nonrecursive Newton Type Numerical Algorithm , 2002, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[25]  R. I. Diego,et al.  Application of the wavelet-packet transform to the estimation of harmonic groups in current and voltage waveforms , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[26]  E.F. El-Saadany,et al.  A processing unit for symmetrical components and harmonics estimation based on a new adaptive linear combiner structure , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.