English) This study examines the hypothesis that informal settlement intervention in South Africa is trapped in a market-oriented paradigm of standardised housing delivery that cannot appropriately address the complex reality of informal settlement. I approach this hypothesis through a cross-national comparison between South Africa and Brazil. Underlying this choice of methodology is the realisation that current informal settlement intervention in Brazil differs considerably from South Africa, despite broad parallels in socio-political process throughout the 20th century. I introduce the contrast between informal settlement intervention in South Africa and Brazil, by situating the debates and practice in each of the two countries in relation to those presented in the international literature. I then explore the causes of this contrast through a socio-political comparison of the emergence of informal settlements in the two countries throughout the 20th century, and of·the responses to informal settlement from the various sectors of society, as portrayed in the South African and Brazilian literature respectively. This insight into the evolution of government intervention approaches in South Africa, as opposed to Brazil, gives a critical perspective to the South African situation. It enables me to expose the dominance of the market-oriented paradigm in current scholarly debates on informal settlement intervention in South Africa. It also enables me to expose the impact of this intervention paradigm on the strategies of organised informal settlement communities. For this purpose, four case studies of informal settlements undergoing intervention through the current South African framework were compiled through in-depth interviewing of key role-players in the development process. The study has confmned a stagnation, among intellectuals and the popular class, in the search for appropriate informal settlement intervention in South Africa. It has confmned that this stagnation is associated with a powerful market-oriented delivery paradigm, which has caused an exclusive focus on the nature of the individual housing product to be delivered through the household-based capital subsidy. A shift in paradigm is required in order for alternative intervention, based on the physical, social and organisational reality of informal settlement in South Africa, to be developed and debated. Un ive rsi ty of Ca pe To wn Marie Hedwig Huchzermeyer 38 Salisbury Street Woodstock, 7925 Africa do Sui 20 de Outubro de 1999 ii Tftulo da Tese: Explorando Polfticas ApropriadaS de )nterven~Ao nos Assentamentos lnformais na Africa do Sui: Contribui~Ao a Partir de uma Compara~Ao com 0 Brasil suMAruo -ABSTRACT (portugues) Este estudo exam ina a hip6tese de que as poHticas sul-africanas de interven~o nos assentamentos informais estlo presas a urn paradigma orientado para 0 Mercado e voltado para a oferta de habita~Ao padronizada. 0 qual nilo aborda adequadamente a rea!idade compiexa dos assentamentos informais. Desenvolvo esta hip6tese atraves de urna compara~ transnacional entre a Africa do Sui e 0 Brasil. Na base da escolha desta metodologia esta a consta~ de que as polfticas atuws de interven~Ao nos assentamentos informais no Brasil diferem consideravelmente daquelas da Africa do Sui. apesar dos amplos paralelos existentes nos processos s6cia-polfticos dos dais pafses ao longo do Secul0 20. Come~o por apresentar 0 contraste entre as politicas de intervenc;:ilo nos assentamentos informais na Africa do SuI e no Brasil, situando os debates e a pmtica em cada pafs em rela~Ao aqueles discutidos na Iiteratura internacional. Em seguida. expJoro as causas desse contraste atraves de uma compara~o sociapolftica da emergSncia dos assentamentos informais nos dois pafses ao longo do Secuio 20. bem como das respostas dadas aos assentamentos informais por parte dos varios setores da sociedade, tal como retratado respectivamente na literatu.ra sul·africana e brasileira. Esta percep~o sobre a evolu~o dos enfoques sobre a interven~Ao governamental na Africa do Sui, comparadas com as do Brasil, permite uma perspectiva crftica em rela~ilo it situa~Ao sul-africana. Permitiu-me expor a predominincia do paradigma orientado para 0 Mercado nos atuais debates acadSmicos a respeito das interven~()es nos assentamentos informais na Africa do SuI. Pennitiu-me tambem expor 0 impacto desse paradigma de interven~o nas estrategias das comunidades organizadas que vivem em assentamentos informais. Para este tim. foram compiJados quatro estudos de caso sobre assentamentos informais sujeitos a poHticas de '1 interven~Ao atraves do modelo sul-africano, baseados em entrevistas detalhadas com os atores-chaves no processo de desenvolvimento. o estudo contirmou a estagna~Ao, entre intelectuais e entre as classes popuiares, da discussilo e da busca de uma forma de interven~Ao apropriada para os assentamentos informais na Africa do SuI. Restou claro que esta estagna~Ao esta associada com urn poderoso paradigma de presta~Ao de servi~os que e fortemente orientado para 0 mercado, colocando urn foco exclusivo na natureza da babita~ilo individual como urn produto a ser provido atraves de subsfdios de capital de base domiciliar. E necessaria uma mudan~a de paradigma para uma pos£:_ ser desenvolvida e debatida uma forma de interven~Ao altemativa baseada na realidade fisica, social e organizacional dos assentamentos informais sulafricanos. Un ive rsi ty of Ca pe To wn
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