Expansion of Autonomous Microgrids in Active Distribution Networks

This paper presents an approach to transform the active distribution network with distributed energy resources into multiple autonomous microgrids. The distribution network consists of several generation resources and demand entities, that are clustered into autonomous microgrids. The proposed problem is formulated as a bi-level optimization problem that leverages the Eigen decomposition in the graph spectra of the distribution network to determine the boundaries for microgrids and a mixed-integer programming problem that minimizes the expansion cost within microgrids. The presented approach is evaluated in a case study for a distribution network considering the imposed reliability constraints. The outcomes indicate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm to determine the expansion strategies to form autonomous microgrids in active distribution networks.

[1]  J. Dupacová,et al.  Scenario reduction in stochastic programming: An approach using probability metrics , 2000 .

[2]  Ross Baldick,et al.  Research on Resilience of Power Systems Under Natural Disasters—A Review , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[3]  Ali T. Al-Awami,et al.  Reliability and economic assessment of renewable micro-grid with V2G electric vehicles coordination , 2015, 2015 IEEE Jordan Conference on Applied Electrical Engineering and Computing Technologies (AEECT).

[4]  Milan Tuba,et al.  An ant colony optimization algorithm for partitioning graphs with supply and demand , 2015, Appl. Soft Comput..

[5]  Stephen P. Boyd,et al.  Method of centers for minimizing generalized eigenvalues , 1993, Linear Algebra and its Applications.

[6]  Tobias Achterberg,et al.  SCIP: solving constraint integer programs , 2009, Math. Program. Comput..

[7]  M. Pipattanasomporn,et al.  Intelligent Distributed Autonomous Power Systems (IDAPS) , 2007, 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[8]  M. Fiedler.  A property of eigenvectors of nonnegative symmetric matrices and its application to graph theory , 1975 .

[9]  Mohammad E. Khodayar,et al.  A Hierarchical Electricity Market Structure for the Smart Grid Paradigm , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[10]  Abdelkader Bousselham,et al.  A greedy method for optimizing the self-adequacy of microgrids presented as partitioning of graphs with supply and demand , 2014, 2014 International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC).

[11]  Ying Chen,et al.  Resilience-Oriented Critical Load Restoration Using Microgrids in Distribution Systems , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[12]  Roy Billinton,et al.  Reliability evaluation of power systems , 1984 .

[13]  Ehab F. El-Saadany,et al.  DG allocation for benefit maximization in distribution networks , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[14]  Robert Lasseter,et al.  Smart Distribution: Coupled Microgrids , 2011, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[15]  Jose M. Arroyo,et al.  Bilevel programming applied to power system vulnerability analysis under multiple contingencies , 2010 .

[16]  S. Chowdhury,et al.  Distributed energy resource capacity adequacy assessment for PQR enhancement of CHP micro-grid , 2010, IEEE PES General Meeting.

[17]  Jianhui Wang,et al.  Self-Healing Resilient Distribution Systems Based on Sectionalization Into Microgrids , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[18]  Jonathan F. Bard,et al.  Practical Bilevel Optimization: Algorithms and Applications , 1998 .

[19]  Jianhui Wang,et al.  Resilient Distribution System by Microgrids Formation After Natural Disasters , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[20]  A. Borghetti.  A Mixed-Integer Linear Programming Approach for the Computation of the Minimum-Losses Radial Configuration of Electrical Distribution Networks , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[21]  T. Westerlund,et al.  Solving Pseudo-Convex Mixed Integer Optimization Problems by Cutting Plane Techniques , 2002 .

[22]  Juan Li,et al.  Controlled Partitioning of a Power Network Considering Real and Reactive Power Balance , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[23]  Yasser Abdel-Rady I. Mohamed,et al.  Supply-Adequacy-Based Optimal Construction of Microgrids in Smart Distribution Systems , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[24]  Chen-Ching Liu,et al.  Distribution System Restoration With Microgrids Using Spanning Tree Search , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[25]  Jin Yang.  Reconfiguration of distribution network into islanded microgrids considering development of distributed energy resources , 2013 .

[26]  Payman Dehghanian,et al.  Optimal siting of DG units in power systems from a probabilistic multi-objective optimization perspective , 2013 .

[27]  M. Fiedler.  Algebraic connectivity of graphs , 1973 .

[28]  Felix F. Wu,et al.  Network Reconfiguration in Distribution Systems for Loss Reduction and Load Balancing , 1989, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[29]  Yasser Abdel-Rady I. Mohamed,et al.  Optimum Microgrid Design for Enhancing Reliability and Supply-Security , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[30]  Nikolaos V. Sahinidis,et al.  Global optimization of mixed-integer nonlinear programs: A theoretical and computational study , 2004, Math. Program..

[31]  im Fach Mathematik , .

[32]  Mohammad E. Khodayar,et al.  Resilient Operation of Multiple Energy Carrier Microgrids , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[33]  José Fernando Prada.  The Value of Reliability in Power Systems-Pricing Operating Reserves-June 1999 , 1999 .

[34]  Walid Saad,et al.  Game-Theoretic Methods for the Smart Grid: An Overview of Microgrid Systems, Demand-Side Management, and Smart Grid Communications , 2012, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.

[35]  S. Niioka,et al.  Evaluation and allocation of supply reliability cost in electricity market , 2000, PowerCon 2000. 2000 International Conference on Power System Technology. Proceedings (Cat. No.00EX409).

[36]  B. Lesieutre,et al.  Studies in Network Partitioning Based on Topological Structure , 2003 .

[37]  Mohammad Shahidehpour,et al.  Integration of High Reliability Distribution System in Microgrid Operation , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[38]  Sven Leyffer,et al.  Integrating SQP and Branch-and-Bound for Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming , 2001, Comput. Optim. Appl..

[39]  Norihiko Shinomiya,et al.  An autonomous distributed control method based on tie-set graph theory in future grid , 2013, Int. J. Circuit Theory Appl..

[40]  Yin Xu,et al.  Placement of Remote-Controlled Switches to Enhance Distribution System Restoration Capability , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[41]  Yusuf Al-Turki,et al.  Optimal Planning of Loop-Based Microgrid Topology , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.