Complicaciones del tratamiento quirúrgico del síndrome del túnel del carpo con el sistema “KnifeLight®”

Resumen Los autores presentan una serie de complicaciones derivadas del uso del sistema “KnifeLigth®”, instrumento diseñado para el tratamiento quirúrgico del síndrome del canal carpiano de una forma mínimamente invasiva. Material y Método: Se presentan seis casos de complicaciones derivadas del uso del instrumental “KnifeLigth®”, remitidos para tratamiento. Hubo dos casos de liberación incompleta, tratados mediante revisión quirúrgica e interposición con colgajo graso hipotenar, dos casos de lesiones parciales del mediano, tratadas de forma conservadora, un caso de sección de un nervio comisural tratado con injerto nervioso y colgajo graso hipotenar y una sección completa del nervio mediano reconstruida con injertos nerviosos, cobertura con vena autóloga y oponenteplastia. Resultados: Todos los pacientes refirieron mejoría tras el tratamiento recibido, con un seguimiento mínimo de un año. Los casos de sección incompleta del ligamento anular del carpo evolucionaron como un caso primario estándar. Las secciones nerviosas reconstruidas con injertos nerviosos recuperaron sensibilidad de protección y experimentaron mejoría de la clínica de dolor. Conclusiones: Si bien las técnicas mínimamente invasivas presentan algunas ventajas respecto a la técnica abierta, la severidad de las complicaciones derivadas de la falta de visión nos hacen ser reticentes a utilizarlas. Por otro lado, la interposición de grasa vascularizada o la cobertura con vena autóloga, constituyen técnicas de elección en cirugías secundarias de nervios. Abstract The authors present a series of cases with complications arising from the use of “KnifeLigth®”, an instrument designed for the surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome, as a mini-invasive technique. Methods: We present six cases of complications of the surgical treatment of the carpal tunnel using the “KnifeLigth®”, referred for treatment. There were two cases of incomplete release of the ligament, treated by surgical revision and an hypothenar fat flap interposition, two cases of partial injury of the median nerve treated conservatively, one case of common digital nerve division laceration treated with a nerve graft and an hypothenar fat flap, and one complete laceration of the median nerve reconstructed with nerve grafts, and an autologous vein coverage plus opponensplasty. Results: All patients improved after the treatment with a minimum one year follow-up. The cases of incomplete section of the annular ligament carpal evolved as a standard primary case. The nerve lacerations reconstructed with nerve grafts recovered poor sensitivity and improvement of clinical pain. Conclusions: While minimally invasive techniques have some advantages over the open technique, the severity of the complications due to the lack of vision make us reluctant to use them. Moreover, the interposition of fat or coverage with vascularized autologous vein, should be considered in secondary surgeries nerves.

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