Fractal Video Coding Using Modified Three-step Search Algorithm for Block-matching Motion Estimation

The major problem with fractal-based coding technique is that, it requires more computation at the encoding phase. Therefore, to reduce this computation, block-matching motion estimation algorithms are used. In this paper, we proposed a modified three-step search algorithm (MTSS) for block-matching motion estimation which consists of two cross-search patterns as a few initial step of search, and two cross-hexagon search patterns as a subsequent step of search that is used to search the center part of search window. Experimentations are carried out on standard video databases, i.e., football, flower, akiyo, coast guard, and traffic. The results of efficient three-step search and cross-hexagon search are compared with our proposed approach with respect to the parameters such as mean of absolute difference (MAD) and average search points per frame. Along with this our proposed approach, frame-based technique is used for fractal video coding evaluated on parameters such as compression ratio, PSNR, encoding time, and bit rate.