Present Status and Future Prospects in the Diagnosis of Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is an occupational zoonosis affects 160 mammalian species. Timely and accurate diagnosis of acute leptospirosis is important for proper, prompt and early treatment in humans and animals. There are different approaches available for the diagnosis of leptospirosis. Currently, the disease is diagnosed by demonstration of leptospires, demonstration of antileptospiral antibodies, detection of nucleic acids of leptospires and animal experimentation techniques. This paper necessitates development of PCR based diagnostics to diagnose acute infections in all the species of animals and human beings using various clinical materials such as blood, urine, milk, semen, aborted materials and other tissue materials in future.