Experimental study of combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engine with diesel/second-generation biodiesel blending fuels

Abstract Second-generation biodiesel (SGB) is one of the next promising biofuels for internal combustion engines due to their advantages compared with the first-generation biodiesel (FGB). However, little research about SGB has been published on the optical diagnostics of their combustion processes and emissions characteristics. In this paper, the planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) technique was applied to study the OH distribution in the flame of different blending ratios diesel/SGB in a constant volume chamber. The ignition delays under different operating conditions were observed by the high-speed imaging technique. After that, the emissions characteristics of those different blending ratios fuels were investigated in a four-cylinder direct injection diesel engine through ESC test cycle. The results show that the ignition delay decreased with increasing blending ratio of SGB and the LIF signal area increased with higher blending ratios of biodiesel. Furthermore, the blending fuel of IV_B20 has better emissions as well as economy performance among all fuels and HC emissions has little sensitivity towards the speed under the same load while NOx emissions at the same load are mainly depended on the engine speed.

[1]  Volker Sick,et al.  High speed imaging in fundamental and applied combustion research , 2013 .

[2]  Zaiton Abdul Majid,et al.  Effect of biodiesel blends on engine performance and exhaust emission for diesel dual fuel engine , 2014 .

[3]  Bengt Johansson,et al.  Optical Diagnostics of HCCI and UNIBUS Using 2-D PLIF of OH and Formaldehyde , 2005 .

[4]  Daniel E. Resasco,et al.  Amphiphilic Nanohybrid Catalysts for Reactions at the Water/Oil Interface in Subsurface Reservoirs , 2012 .

[5]  Mohammad Masud Kamal. Khan,et al.  Prospects of 2nd generation biodiesel as a sustainable fuel - Part 2: Properties, performance and emission characteristics. , 2016 .

[6]  Orhan Durgun,et al.  Experimental investigation of n-butanol/diesel fuel blends and n-butanol fumigation – Evaluation of engine performance, exhaust emissions, heat release and flammability analysis , 2015 .

[7]  Havva Balat,et al.  A critical review of bio-diesel as a vehicular fuel. , 2008 .

[8]  Mohammad Masud Kamal. Khan,et al.  Prospects of 2nd generation biodiesel as a sustainable fuel—Part: 1 selection of feedstocks, oil extraction techniques and conversion technologies , 2016 .

[9]  Eran Sher,et al.  Handbook of Air Pollution from Internal Combustion Engines: Pollutant Formation and Control , 1998 .

[10]  C. D. Rakopoulos,et al.  Influence of properties of various common bio-fuels on the combustion and emission characteristics of high-speed DI (direct injection) diesel engine: Vegetable oil, bio-diesel, ethanol, n-butanol, diethyl ether , 2014 .

[11]  S. Murugan,et al.  Potential for Using a Tyre Pyrolysis Oil-Biodiesel Blend in a Diesel Engine at Different Compression Ratios , 2015 .

[12]  Volker Sick,et al.  Tracer-LIF diagnostics: quantitative measurement of fuel concentration, temperature and fuel/air ratio in practical combustion systems , 2005 .

[13]  Savita Dixit,et al.  Linseed oil as a potential resource for bio-diesel: A review , 2012 .

[14]  Michael Taylor,et al.  An overview of second generation biofuel technologies. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[15]  Rolf D. Reitz,et al.  Mixing and flame structures inferred from OH-PLIF for conventional and low-temperature diesel engine combustion , 2009 .

[16]  Gvidonas Labeckas,et al.  The effect of ethanol–diesel–biodiesel blends on combustion, performance and emissions of a direct injection diesel engine , 2014 .

[17]  E. Mancaruso,et al.  First and second generation biodiesels spray characterization in a diesel engine , 2011 .

[18]  Mhia Md. Zaglul Shahadat,et al.  Behavior of Diesel Combustion and Exhaust Emission with Neat Diesel Fuel and Diesel-Biodiesel Blends , 2004 .

[19]  Sangil Kwon,et al.  An Experimental Study on the Atomization and Combustion Characteristics of Biodiesel-Blended Fuels , 2005 .

[20]  Shijin Shuai,et al.  Co-evaporative multi-component fuel design for in-cylinder PLIF measurement and application in gasoline direct injection research , 2011 .

[21]  Anoop Singh,et al.  Renewable fuels from algae: an answer to debatable land based fuels. , 2011, Bioresource technology.

[22]  Shijin Shuai,et al.  Ultra-high speed imaging and OH-LIF study of DMF and MF combustion in a DISI optical engine , 2014 .

[23]  Tiegang Fang,et al.  High speed imaging of OH* chemiluminescence and natural luminosity of low temperature diesel spray combustion , 2012 .

[24]  Abdul-Ghani Olabi,et al.  The 3rd international conference on sustainable energy and environmental protection SEEP 2009-Guest Editor's Introduction , 2010 .

[25]  Hongming Xu,et al.  Ignition timing sensitivities of oxygenated biofuels compared to gasoline in a direct-injection SI engine , 2012 .

[26]  Christoph Espey,et al.  Diesel Engine Combustion Studies in a Newly Designed Optical-Access Engine Using High-Speed Visualization and 2-D Laser Imaging , 1993 .

[27]  N Ladommatos,et al.  Optical diagnostics for in-cylinder mixture formation measurements in IC engines , 1998 .

[28]  T. Balusamy,et al.  Effects of Oxygenated Organic Compounds-neem Oil Blends on the Performance and Exhaust Emissions of a DI Diesel Engine , 2011 .

[29]  Mingdi Huang,et al.  A diesel engine study of conventional and alternative diesel and jet fuels: Ignition and emissions characteristics , 2014 .

[30]  Erol Ileri,et al.  Experimental investigation of engine performance and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine fueled with diesel-n-butanol-vegetable oil blends. , 2014 .

[31]  Jin Kusaka,et al.  Two-dimensional laser induced fluorescence measurement of spray and OH radicals of LPG in constant volume chamber , 2002 .

[32]  John E. Dec,et al.  OH radical imaging in a DI diesel engine and the structure of the early diffusion flame , 1996 .

[33]  Gerardo Valentino,et al.  Optical Investigation of the Effect on the Combustion Process of Butanol-Gasoline Blend in a PFI SI Boosted Engine , 2011 .

[34]  Devendra Singh,et al.  Emissions and fuel consumption characteristics of a heavy duty diesel engine fueled with Hydroprocessed Renewable Diesel and Biodiesel , 2015 .

[35]  Hua Zhao,et al.  Laser Diagnostics and Optical Measurement Techniques in Internal Combustion Engines , 2012 .

[36]  Li Li,et al.  Combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with diesel/biodiesel/pentanol fuel blends , 2015 .

[37]  Bengt Johansson,et al.  Simultaneous OH- and Formaldehyde-LIF Measurements in an HCCI Engine , 2003 .

[38]  Zuohua Huang,et al.  Comparison of the Effect of Biodiesel-Diesel and Ethanol-Diesel on the Particulate Emissions of a Direct Injection Diesel Engine , 2009 .

[39]  C. Depcik,et al.  Investigation of the Effects of Biodiesel Feedstock on the Performance and Emissions of a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine , 2012 .

[40]  Bengt Johansson,et al.  High-Speed LIF Imaging for Cycle-Resolved Formaldehyde Visualization in HCCI Combustion , 2005 .

[41]  Steve Richardson,et al.  An Experimental Study of Combustion Initiation and development in an Optical HCCI Engine , 2005 .

[42]  Pavlos Aleiferis,et al.  Flame chemiluminescence and OH LIF imaging in a hydrogen-fuelled spark-ignition engine , 2012 .

[43]  Reyes García-Contreras,et al.  Stability of diesel-bioethanol blends for use in diesel engines , 2007 .

[44]  Zuohua Huang,et al.  Experimental investigation on regulated and unregulated emissions of a diesel engine fueled with ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel blended with biodiesel from waste cooking oil. , 2009, The Science of the total environment.