THE TROUBLE WITH TRANSPARENCY

This article argues for a more complex understanding of how the ethic of transparency is used within American journalism. Following the ethical theories of Jürgen Habermas and Michel Foucault, it suggests that transparency has become central to debates about identity formation, disputes over professional jurisdiction, and how journalists have come to cover political events. Recognizing the complex role that transparency plays within journalism, it calls for the articulation of an ethical framework that sees transparency less as an instrumental value and more as a normative goal.

[1]  Marcia A. Cooper,et al.  Foucault’s Ethics , 2002 .

[2]  J. Rajchman Michel Foucault: The Freedom of Philosophy , 1985 .

[3]  D. S. Allen Separating the Press and the Public , 1995 .

[4]  Thomas McCarthy The Critique of Impure Reason , 1990 .

[5]  Celia Lury,et al.  Cultural Rights: Technology, Legality and Personality.@@@The Panoptic Sort: A Political Economy of Personal Information. , 1993 .

[6]  O. O’neill,et al.  A question of trust. , 2000, Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987).

[7]  C. E. Baker,et al.  Media, Markets, and Democracy: Frontmatter , 2001 .

[8]  Judith Donath,et al.  Identity and deception in the virtual community , 1998 .

[9]  W. Wiegand : The System of Professions: An Essay on the Division of Expert Labor , 1990 .

[10]  Allen W. Wood,et al.  Critique, Norm, and Utopia: A Study of the Foundations of Critical Theory , 1986 .

[11]  T. Garvey The Value of Opacity: A Bakhtinian Analysis of Habermas's Discourse Ethics , 2000 .

[12]  M. Foucault,et al.  Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison , 2020, On Violence.

[13]  Jeremy Bentham,et al.  The Panopticon Writings , 1995 .

[14]  K. Barnhurst,et al.  Image-Bite News , 1997 .

[15]  Patrick Lee Plaisance,et al.  Transparency: An Assessment of the Kantian Roots of a Key Element in Media Ethics Practice , 2007 .

[16]  A. Perl,et al.  Code of Ethics , 1963, Science.

[17]  D. Boorstin The image : a guide to pseudo-events in America , 1992 .

[18]  Disdaining the News , 1981 .

[19]  H. Dreyfus,et al.  Michel Foucault: Beyond Structuralism and Hermeneutics. , 1985 .

[20]  M. Schudson Discovering The News: A Social History Of American Newspapers , 1980 .

[21]  W. Bennett News, the politics of illusion , 1983 .

[22]  Dominique Bessire,et al.  Transparency: a two‐way mirror? , 2005 .

[23]  Keith Kennedy,et al.  Custodians of Conscience: Investigative Journalism and Public Virtue , 1998 .

[24]  Tom Rosenstiel,et al.  The Elements of Journalism: What Newspeople Should Know and the Public Should Expect , 2001 .

[25]  M. Strathern The Tyranny of Transparency , 2000 .

[26]  H. Tsoukas The tyranny of light , 1997 .

[27]  Kevin G. Barnhurst,et al.  The journalism of opinion: Network news coverage of U.S. presidential campaigns, 1968–1988 , 1996 .

[28]  A. Abbott The System of Professions: An Essay on the Division of Expert Labor , 1988 .

[29]  Kirstie Ball,et al.  Surveillance Society: Monitoring Everyday Life , 2001 .

[30]  S. Chambers,et al.  Discourse and democratic practices , 1995 .

[31]  B. Sweetman Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy , 1997 .