AN ANALYSIS OF LOW-COST ACTIVE WARNING DEVICES FOR HIGHWAY-RAIL GRADE CROSSINGS

This research tested and evaluated two low-cost, off railroad right-of-way alternatives for traditional active grade crossing warning systems. The first system was based on radar technology and the second on acoustic train horn detection technology. The data collection and processing utilized real time traffic monitoring technology and specially designed hardware and software. It was found that both test systems successfully detected all trains, but they also had high numbers of false positive detections. The research also examined the institutional and legal changes necessary for the introduction of alternative grade crossing warning systems. Examples from several industries are examined, showing that U.S. tort law is a hindrance to the research, development and implementation of even successful technological innovations. The barriers specific to alternative warning systems are explored in detail. An array of much needed tort law reform options is recommended. Excessive, false positive train detections are a major drawback to the implementation of low-cost active systems. At best, unnecessary traffic delay is caused. At worst, traffic safety is compromised as drivers’ respect for the traffic control signal is seriously jeopardized.