No Evidence of L1 Path Encoding Strategies in the L2 in Advanced Bulgarian Speakers of Norwegian

Abstract This article has two aims: we first test the applicability of Talmy's typology for describing the cross-linguistic encoding of directed motion with Norwegian and Bulgarian. Theoretically, these languages belong to the same group of satellite-framed languages. However, we show that they differ in their preferred strategies. Norwegian prefers an elaborate prepositional inventory and Bulgarian employs a rich verbal lexicon. We also test whether Bulgarian L2 speakers of Norwegian follow the L1 strategy in describing directed motion. We find no evidence of transfer in L2 speaker responses, which suggests target language thinking-for-speaking patterns.

[1]  Dan I. Slobin,et al.  The many ways to search for a frog: Linguistic typology and the expression of motion events , 2004 .

[2]  Chris Sinha,et al.  Distributed Spatial Semantics , 1995, Nordic Journal of Linguistics.

[3]  Anna Papafragou,et al.  Shake, rattle, ‘n’ roll: the representation of motion in language and cognition , 2002, Cognition.

[4]  J. Zlatev,et al.  A third way to travel: The place of Thai in motion event typology. , 2004 .

[5]  Carita Paradis,et al.  The Construal of Spatial Meaning: Windows into Conceptual Space , 2013 .

[6]  Teresa Cadierno,et al.  Motion events in Spanish L2 acquisition , 2006 .

[7]  R. Jackendoff Foundations of Language: Brain, Meaning, Grammar, Evolution , 2002 .

[8]  Bruno Moretti,et al.  H. Ringbom: The role of the first language in foreign language learning, Multilingual Matters, Clevedon - Philadelphia 1987 , 1989 .

[9]  A. Cohn,et al.  A qualitative trajectory calculus as a basis for representing moving objects in Geographical Information Systems , 2006 .

[10]  Kenny R. Coventry,et al.  Seeing, saying and acting: The psychological semantics of spatial prepositions , 2004 .

[11]  Leonard Talmy,et al.  Typology and Process in Concept Structuring , 2000 .

[12]  Dan I. Slobin,et al.  Language acquisition and conceptual development: Form–function relations: how do children find out what they are? , 2001 .

[13]  Mutsumi Imai,et al.  Lexicalization Patterns and the World-to-Words Mapping , 2010 .

[14]  Mila Dimitrova-Vulchanova,et al.  Verb semantics, diathesis and aspect , 1999 .

[15]  Gale Stam,et al.  Thinking for speaking about motion: L1 and L2 speech and gesture , 2006 .

[16]  A. Wierzbicka,et al.  Semantics and cognition. , 2006, Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science.

[17]  Sotaro Kita,et al.  Development of cross-linguistic variation in speech and gesture: motion events in English and Turkish. , 2008, Developmental psychology.

[18]  Beth Levin,et al.  The typology of motion expressions revisited1 , 2009, Journal of Linguistics.

[19]  Anetta Kopecka,et al.  Motion expression in French: typological diversity , 2005 .

[20]  Chris Sinha,et al.  Mixing and mapping: motion, path and manner in Amondawa , 2009 .

[21]  Teresa Cadierno LEARNING TO TALK ABOUT MOTION IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE , 2008 .

[22]  E. Kellerman Transfer and Non-Transfer: Where We Are Now , 1979, Studies in Second Language Acquisition.

[23]  Barbara Schmiedtova,et al.  3. Language-specific Patterns in Event Construal of Advanced Second Language Speakers , 2011 .

[24]  Håkan Ringbom On L1 Transfer in L2 Comprehension and L2 Production , 1992 .

[25]  Faculteit Wetenschappen,et al.  A Qualitative Calculus for Moving Point Objects Constrained by Networks , 2008 .

[26]  Fred Karlsson,et al.  Constraints on multiple center-embedding of clauses , 2007 .

[27]  L. Talmy Lexicalisation patterns: semantic structure in lexical forms , 1985 .

[28]  L. Vlasenko,et al.  THE ROLE OF THE FIRST LANGUAGE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING , 2012 .

[29]  Robert P. Stockwell,et al.  The grammatical structures of English and Spanish , 1965 .

[30]  L. Talmy Toward a Cognitive Semantics , 2003 .

[31]  Liliana Martinez,et al.  A Basic Level for the Encoding of Biological Motion , 2013 .

[32]  Z. Harris,et al.  Foundations of language , 1941 .

[33]  Seungjin Choi,et al.  Shaping meanings for language: universal and language-specific in the acquisition of spatial semanti , 2001 .

[34]  Wayne D. Gray,et al.  Basic objects in natural categories , 1976, Cognitive Psychology.

[35]  Eve V. Clark Language acquisition and conceptual development: Emergent categories in first language acquisition , 2001 .

[36]  Jürgen N. J. James Iraide Sotaro Friederike Felix K Bohnemeyer,et al.  Principles of event segmentation in language: The case of motion events , 2007 .

[37]  G. Miller,et al.  Language and Perception , 1976 .

[38]  Anna Papafragou,et al.  Does language guide event perception? Evidence from eye movements , 2008, Cognition.

[39]  B. Landau,et al.  Starting at the end: the importance of goals in spatial language , 2005, Cognition.

[40]  L. Talmy Toward a Cognitive Semantics: Typology and Process in Concept Structuring , 2000 .

[41]  D. Slobin From “thought and language” to “thinking for speaking” , 1996 .

[42]  Julian M. Pine,et al.  Constructing a Language: A Usage-Based Theory of Language Acquisition. , 2004 .

[43]  Rachel Pulverman,et al.  Infants discriminate manners and paths in non-linguistic dynamic events , 2008, Cognition.

[44]  Silvia P. Gennari,et al.  Talking About Walking , 2008, Psychological science.

[45]  W. Bruce Croft Revising Talmy’s typological classification of complex events , 2008 .

[46]  Ray Jackendoff,et al.  The Architecture of the Language Faculty , 1996 .

[47]  Teresa Cadierno Expressing Motion Events in a Second Language: a Cognitive Typological Perspective , 2004 .

[48]  David Birdsong,et al.  Nativelike pronunciation among late learners of French as a second language , 2007 .