Randomized Controlled Trial Disease in Men : The Physicians ' Health Study II Vitamins E and C in the Prevention of Cardiovascular

Supplementary material http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/2008.600/DC1 Report Video JAMA Correction Contact me if this article is corrected. Citations Contact me when this article is cited. This article has been cited 7 times. Topic collections Contact me when new articles are published in these topic areas. Myocardial Infarction Cardiovascular System; Randomized Controlled Trial; Cardiovascular Disease/ Men's Health; Men's Health, Other; Neurology; Cerebrovascular Disease; Stroke;

[1]  R. Bolli,et al.  New perspectives on vitamin E: gamma-tocopherol and carboxyelthylhydroxychroman metabolites in biology and medicine. , 2004, Free radical biology & medicine.

[2]  C. Johnston,et al.  Vitamin C deficiency and depletion in the United States: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988 to 1994. , 2004, American journal of public health.

[3]  M. Gail,et al.  Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: supplementation with specific vitamin/mineral combinations, cancer incidence, and disease-specific mortality in the general population. , 1993, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[4]  M. Roncaglioni Low-dose aspirin and vitamin E in people at cardiovascular risk: a randomised trial in general Practice , 2001, The Lancet.

[5]  Michael M Lieber,et al.  Designing the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). , 2005, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[6]  F. D. Weinfeld,et al.  The National Survey of Stroke. Clinical findings. , 1981, Stroke.

[7]  C. Hennekens,et al.  Design of Physicians' Health Study II--a randomized trial of beta-carotene, vitamins E and C, and multivitamins, in prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and eye disease, and review of results of completed trials. , 2000, Annals of epidemiology.

[8]  E. Rimm,et al.  Relation of Consumption of Vitamin E, Vitamin C, and Carotenoids to Risk for Stroke among Men in the United States , 1999, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[9]  E. Rimm,et al.  Antioxidant vitamins and coronary heart disease risk: a pooled analysis of 9 cohorts. , 2004, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[10]  S. Nattel,et al.  Probucol and multivitamins in the prevention of restenosis after coronary angioplasty. Multivitamins and Probucol Study Group. , 1997, The New England journal of medicine.

[11]  S. Yusuf,et al.  Vitamin E supplementation and cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. , 2000, The New England journal of medicine.

[12]  M. Boaz,et al.  Secondary prevention with antioxidants of cardiovascular disease in endstage renal disease (SPACE): randomised placebo-controlled trial , 2000, The Lancet.

[13]  M. Traber,et al.  Vitamin E, antioxidant and nothing more. , 2007, Free radical biology & medicine.

[14]  R. Wiklund,et al.  Vitamin E Supplementation and Cardiovascular Events in High-Risk Patients , 2000 .

[15]  H. Lakka,et al.  Six-Year Effect of Combined Vitamin C and E Supplementation on Atherosclerotic Progression: The Antioxidant Supplementation in Atherosclerosis Prevention (ASAP) Study , 2003, Circulation.

[16]  C. Lin,et al.  Dietary supplements in a national survey: Prevalence of use and reports of adverse events. , 2006, Journal of the American Dietetic Association.

[17]  C. Rice-Evans,et al.  Moderate supplementation with natural alpha-tocopherol decreases platelet aggregation and low-density lipoprotein oxidation. , 1999, Atherosclerosis.

[18]  D. Schade,et al.  Vitamin E in humans: an explanation of clinical trial failure. , 2006, Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists.

[19]  Mary Frances Picciano,et al.  Dietary supplement use by US adults: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2000. , 2004, American journal of epidemiology.

[20]  D. Albanes,et al.  Controlled trial of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplements on stroke incidence and mortality in male smokers. , 2000, Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology.

[21]  E. Rimm,et al.  Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease in men. , 1993, The New England journal of medicine.

[22]  H. Schellhorn,et al.  New developments and novel therapeutic perspectives for vitamin C. , 2007, The Journal of nutrition.

[23]  S. Yusuf,et al.  Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer: a randomized controlled trial. , 2005, JAMA.

[24]  J. Manson,et al.  A randomized factorial trial of vitamins C and E and beta carotene in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in women: results from the Women's Antioxidant Cardiovascular Study. , 2007, Archives of internal medicine.

[25]  D. Steinberg,et al.  Lewis A. Conner Memorial Lecture. Oxidative modification of LDL and atherogenesis. , 1997, Circulation.

[26]  L. Packer,et al.  Protective role of vitamin E in biological systems. , 1991, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[27]  R. Cannon,et al.  Vascular effects of estrogen and vitamin E therapies in postmenopausal women. , 1999, Circulation.

[28]  G. de Gaetano Low-dose aspirin and vitamin E in people at cardiovascular risk: a randomised trial in general practice. Collaborative Group of the Primary Prevention Project. , 2001, Lancet.

[29]  P. Loehrer Vitamin E in the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: The Women's Health Study: A Randomized Controlled Trial , 2006 .

[30]  A. Mokdad,et al.  Brief Communication: The Prevalence of High Intake of Vitamin E from the Use of Supplements among U.S. Adults , 2005, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[31]  J. Buring,et al.  Interobserver agreement in the classification of stroke in the physicians' health study. , 1996, Stroke.

[32]  E. Feskens,et al.  Both alpha- and beta-carotene, but not tocopherols and vitamin C, are inversely related to 15-year cardiovascular mortality in Dutch elderly men. , 2008, The Journal of nutrition.

[33]  A. Folsom,et al.  Dietary antioxidant vitamins and death from coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. , 1996, New England Journal of Medicine.

[34]  Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary disease in women. , 1993 .

[35]  M. Carrier,et al.  Investigation of Endothelial Hyperreactivity in the Obese Zucker Rat In‐situ: Reversal by Vitamin E , 2000, The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology.

[36]  Christian Gluud,et al.  Mortality in randomized trials of antioxidant supplements for primary and secondary prevention: systematic review and meta-analysis. , 2007, JAMA.

[37]  J. Enstrom,et al.  Vitamin C Intake and Mortality among a Sample of the United States Population , 1992, Epidemiology.

[38]  S. Ripatti,et al.  Effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of primary nonfatal myocardial infarction and fatal coronary heart disease. , 1998, Archives of internal medicine.

[39]  H. Tomoda,et al.  Possible prevention of postangioplasty restenosis by ascorbic acid. , 1996, The American journal of cardiology.

[40]  Loyd,et al.  SIMVASTATIN AND NIACIN , ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS , OR THE COMBINATION FOR THE PREVENTION OF CORONARY DISEASE , 2001 .

[41]  G. Block,et al.  Does gamma-tocopherol play a role in the primary prevention of heart disease and cancer? A review. , 2006, Journal of the American College of Nutrition.

[42]  C. DesRoches,et al.  Americans' views on the use and regulation of dietary supplements. , 2001, Archives of internal medicine.

[43]  D. Albanes,et al.  The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers. , 1994, The New England journal of medicine.

[44]  N. Cook,et al.  Estimating the effect of the run-in on the power of the Physicians' Health Study. , 1991, Statistics in medicine.

[45]  Final report on the aspirin component of the ongoing Physicians' Health Study. , 1989, The New England journal of medicine.

[46]  J. Manson,et al.  Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular disease. , 1996, The New England journal of medicine.

[47]  A. Hofman,et al.  Dietary antioxidants and risk of myocardial infarction in the elderly: the Rotterdam Study. , 1999, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[48]  Tw MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in 20 536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial , 2002, The Lancet.

[49]  A. Wolk,et al.  Dietary supplement use and mortality in a cohort of Swedish men , 2008, British Journal of Nutrition.

[50]  J. Mehta,et al.  Vitamins C and E prolong time to arterial thrombosis in rats. , 1999, The Journal of nutrition.

[51]  GISSI-Prevenzione Investigators,et al.  Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial , 1999, The Lancet.

[52]  Alain Favier,et al.  The SU.VI.MAX Study: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the health effects of antioxidant vitamins and minerals. , 2004, Archives of internal medicine.

[53]  M. Brown,et al.  A Randomised Controlled Trial of Vitamin E in Patients with Coronary Disease: The Cambridge Heart Antioxidant Study (CHAOS) , 1996 .

[54]  J. Sj Probucol and Multivitamins in the Prevention of Restenosis after Coronary Angioplasty , 1997 .

[55]  Roberto Pastor-Barriuso,et al.  Meta-Analysis: High-Dosage Vitamin E Supplementation May Increase All-Cause Mortality , 2005 .

[56]  F. Mcmahon The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics , 1986 .

[57]  J. Hsia,et al.  Effects of hormone replacement therapy and antioxidant vitamin supplements on coronary atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women. A randomized controlled trial , 2003 .

[58]  M. Steiner Vitamin E, a modifier of platelet function: rationale and use in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. , 2009, Nutrition reviews.