Écosystèmes et modèles d'affaires

Ce numero thematique propose une analyse des modeles d'affaires et des ecosystemes d'affaires basee simultanement sur les outils de la science economique et de la science de gestion. Il presente des travaux de recherche qui, a l'appui d'une approche originale couplant les concepts de modeles d'affaires et d'ecosystemes d'affaires, analysent la maniere dont un systeme economique fait face a son environnement concurrentiel via l'innovation. A travers ces travaux, l'objectif de ce numero est de montrer que la mobilisation jointe des concepts de modeles d'affaires et d'ecosystemes d'affaires facilite l'analyse des nouveaux processus d'innovation comme la comprehension de la maniere dont un systeme economique est organise, gere ou evolue. Les communautes de chercheurs qui se sont tour a tour interesses aux modeles d'affaires de l'innovation, a son ecosysteme, au management des droits de propriete de ses composantes, a ses effets d'apprentissage, etc., se sont pour la plupart interessees a la maniere dont un systeme economique adapte sa strategie d'innovation a son environnement concurrentiel. Leurs travaux mobilisent cependant isolement soit le concept de modele d'affaires, soit le concept d'ecosysteme d'affaires. Le present numero thematique cherche a montrer qu'au contraire, apprehender les dynamiques concurrentielles a l'œuvre et la maniere dont les entreprises y font face appelle a une analyse jointe du modele d'affaires et de l'ecosysteme de l'organisation ou du systeme etudie. Comme nous l'apprend la theorie des systemes d'innovation (Carlsson et Stankiewicz, 1991 ; Dosi et al., 1988), les connexions entre les acteurs de la connaissance jouent un role central dans le succes, la performance, le developpement et la perennite d'un systeme economique.

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