Application of Existing Technologies to Reduce Arc-Flash Hazards

This paper includes some important industry definitions of arc flash and ways of measuring arc-flash hazards. It examines the use of existing technologies, including digital relays and communications capabilities, to implement reduced trip times using instantaneous overcurrent relays, a fast bus-trip scheme, and differential schemes. A typical industrial switchgear lineup is used to implement these schemes. Finally, quantification of levels to reduce arc-flash energy and its impact on safety is discussed