Structure and linearization in disharmonic word orders

So-called “harmonic” word orders, which reflect either consistent head-initial or head-final order (cf. Hawkins 1983), have received much attention in both the generative and the typological literature. Thus, for example, it is now well-known that some of Greenberg’s “word order universals” represent robust generalisations which hold across the majority of languages surveyed to date (cf. Dryer 1992, Haspelmath et al. 2005). The generative account of these recurring patterns is also well-established: assuming (1a), the tendency for V(erb)-O(bject), Aux(iliary)-V(erb), C(omplementizer)-Sentence and prepositions to co-occur, while the opposite is true for OV languages, can, for example, be ascribed to different settings of the Head Parameter (1b):

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