Orchidectomy Increases β-Adrenoceptor Activation-Mediated Neuronal Nitric Oxide and Noradrenaline Release in Rat Mesenteric Artery

Background/Aims: A previous study has demonstrated that endogenous male sex hormones do not alter neuronal nitric oxide (NO) release in rat mesenteric artery. However, the regulatory role of endogenous male sex hormones on noradrenaline (NA) release in rat mesenteric artery is not known. The present study was designed to analyze whether endogenous male sex hormones influence the NA release induced by electrical field stimulation (EFS), as well as the possible modification in NA and neuronal NO release by presynaptic β-adrenoceptor activation. Methods: For this purpose, mesenteric arteries from control and orchidectomized male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Basal and EFS-induced neuronal NO and NA release, as well as the contractile effect induced by EFS, was measured. Results: Basal and EFS-induced neuronal NO and NA release were similar in arteries from control and orchidectomized rats. The β-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol did not modify EFS-induced neuronal NO and NA release in arteries from control rats. In contrast, in arteries from orchidectomized animals, clenbuterol increased both neuronal NO and NA release; this increase was prevented by incubation with the β-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol. However, the contractile response elicited by EFS was not modified by clenbuterol in either group of rats. Conclusions: These results show that orchidectomy does not alter the EFS-induced NA release. What is more, activation of presynaptic β-adrenoceptors does not modify EFS-induced NA and neuronal NO release in arteries from control rats although it increases the release of both neurotransmitters in arteries from orchidectomized rats. Despite these modifications, the EFS-induced contractile response is preserved in arteries from orchidectomized rats.

[1]  J. Blanco-Rivero,et al.  Protein kinase C activation increases endothelial nitric oxide release in mesenteric arteries from orchidectomized rats. , 2007, The Journal of endocrinology.

[2]  Y. Gomita,et al.  Neuronal Nitric-Oxide Synthase Inhibition Facilitates Adrenergic Neurotransmission in Rat Mesenteric Resistance Arteries , 2006, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

[3]  J. Blanco-Rivero,et al.  Orchidectomy Modulates α2-Adrenoceptor Reactivity in Rat Mesenteric Artery through Increased Thromboxane A2 Formation , 2005, Journal of Vascular Research.

[4]  J. Blanco-Rivero,et al.  Male Castration Increases Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity in the Rat Mesenteric Artery through Protein Kinase C Activation , 2005, Journal of Vascular Research.

[5]  J. Blanco-Rivero,et al.  Androgen deprivation increases neuronal nitric oxide metabolism and its vasodilator effect in rat mesenteric arteries. , 2005, Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry.

[6]  P. Hurn,et al.  Testosterone as a Modulator of Vascular Behavior , 2004, Biological research for nursing.

[7]  David Handelsman,et al.  Androgens and cardiovascular disease. , 2003, Endocrine reviews.

[8]  M. Perusquía.  Androgen-induced vasorelaxation: a potential vascular protective effect. , 2003, Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association.

[9]  D. Dluzen,et al.  Castration increases nisoxetine-evoked norepinephrine levels in vivo within the olfactory bulb of male rats , 2002, Neuroscience Letters.

[10]  M. Ferrer,et al.  Aging alters neuronal nitric oxide release from rat mesenteric arteries: role of presynaptic beta-adrenoceptors. , 2001, Clinical science.

[11]  M. Salaices,et al.  Angiotensin II increases neurogenic nitric oxide metabolism in mesenteric arteries from hypertensive rats. , 2001, Life Science.

[12]  H. Majewski,et al.  Age-related involvement of the endothelium in beta-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation of rat aorta. , 2000, European journal of pharmacology.

[13]  J. Marín,et al.  Diabetes alters neuronal nitric oxide release from rat mesenteric arteries. Role of protein kinase C. , 1999, Life sciences.

[14]  D. Krause,et al.  Postjunctional alpha2-adrenoceptors in the rat tail artery: effect of sex and castration. , 1999, European journal of pharmacology.

[15]  J. Marín,et al.  Effect of clenbuterol on non‐endothelial nitric oxide release in rat mesenteric arteries and the involvement of β‐adrenoceptors , 1998, British journal of pharmacology.

[16]  B. H. Shah,et al.  Neonatal androgen manipulation differentially affects the development of monoamine systems in rat cerebral cortex, amygdala and hypothalamus. , 1997, Brain research. Developmental brain research.

[17]  P. Vanhoutte.  Endothelium-dependent responses in congestive heart failure. , 1996, Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology.

[18]  R. Manso,et al.  Effect of clenbuterol on the modulation of noradrenaline release in the rat tail artery. , 1996, Journal of autonomic pharmacology.

[19]  J. Docherty.  Effects of Aging on Prejunctional Control of Neurotransmission in the Rat a , 1996, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[20]  G. Osol,et al.  Estrogen replacement increases beta-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation of rat mesenteric arteries. , 1996, Journal of vascular research.

[21]  K. Anderson,et al.  Some pre- and postjunctional effects of castration in rabbit isolated corpus cavernosum and urethra. , 1994, The Journal of urology.

[22]  G. Balfagón,et al.  Norepinephrine-induced relaxations in rat aorta mediated by endothelial beta adrenoceptors. Impairment by ageing and hypertension. , 1994, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[23]  J. Marín,et al.  Mechanisms involved in the increased vascular resistance in hypertension. , 1993, Journal of autonomic pharmacology.

[24]  L. Poston,et al.  β‐Adrenoceptor agonist mediated relaxation of rat isolated resistance arteries: a role for the endothelium and nitric oxide , 1993 .

[25]  D. Eikenburg,et al.  Chronic epinephrine treatment fails to alter prejunctional adrenoceptor modulation of sympathetic neurotransmission in the rat mesentery. , 1992, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[26]  S. Duckles,et al.  Effect of endothelium on the actions of sympathetic and sensory nerves in the perfused rat mesentery. , 1992, European journal of pharmacology.

[27]  D. Dluzen,et al.  Castration reduces potassium-stimulated norepinephrine release from superfused olfactory bulbs of male rats , 1991, Brain Research.

[28]  Mark D. Johnson,et al.  Effect of age on presynaptic beta2 receptor mediated responses in the rat heart , 1991, Mechanisms of Ageing and Development.

[29]  M. Kazanietz,et al.  Decreased β-adrenoceptor-mediated vasodilation in aorta from aged rats: possible involvement of a stimulatory GTP-binding protean , 1991 .

[30]  J. Angus,et al.  CONTRACTILE RESPONSES TO α1‐ADRENOCEPTOR STIMULATION DURING MATURATION IN THE AORTA OF THE NORMOTENSIVE AND SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RAT: RELATION TO STRUCTURE , 1990, Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology.

[31]  K. Goto,et al.  Calcitonin gene-related peptide acts as a novel vasodilator neurotransmitter in mesenteric resistance vessels of the rat , 1988, Nature.

[32]  Y. Misu,et al.  Presynaptic β‐adrenoceptors , 1986 .

[33]  C. Sánchez-Ferrer,et al.  Serotonergic innervation of cat cerebral arteries , 1985, Brain Research.

[34]  L. Ignarro,et al.  The pharmacological and physiological role of cyclic GMP in vascular smooth muscle relaxation. , 1985, Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology.

[35]  P. Timmermans,et al.  Interaction Between β2‐Adrenoceptor‐Mediated Vasodilation and α1‐Adrenoceptor‐Mediated Vasoconstriction in the Pithed Normotensive Rat , 1983 .

[36]  P. Timmermans,et al.  Interaction between beta 2-adrenoceptor-mediated vasodilation and alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction in the pithed normotensive rat. , 1983, Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology.

[37]  J. McGrath.  Evidence for more than one type of post-junctional α-Adrenoceptor , 1982 .

[38]  S. Holzmann.  Endothelium-induced relaxation by acetylcholine associated with larger rises in cyclic GMP in coronary arterial strips. , 1982, Journal of cyclic nucleotide research.

[39]  J. McGrath.  Evidence for more than one type of post-junctional alpha-adrenoceptor. , 1982, Biochemical pharmacology.

[40]  M. Gimeno,et al.  Differences in the effects of acetylcholine on the vas deferens from normal and castrated rats. A participation of adrenergic mechanisms. , 1981, Archives internationales de pharmacodynamie et de therapie.

[41]  P. Vanhoutte,et al.  Local modulation of adrenergic neuroeffector interaction in the blood vessel well. , 1981, Physiological reviews.

[42]  Klaus Starke,et al.  Presynaptic a-adrenoceptors , 1976 .

[43]  C. Owman,et al.  Contractile response and amine receptor mechanisms in isolated middle cerebral artery of the cat. , 1971, Brain research.

[44]  C. Owman,et al.  Ultrastructure of the autonomic innervation apparatus in the main pial arteries of rats and cats. , 1971, Brain research.