Fusion rules for context-dependent aggregation of structured news reports

A NewsFusion System is a logic-based system for merging heterogeneous structured news reports. Structured news reports are XML documents, where the textentries are restricted to individual words or simple phrases, such as names and domain-specific terminology, and numbers and units. We assume structured news reports do not require natural language processing. In previous papers, we have presented aspects of a logic-based framework for merging structured news reports based on fusion rules. Fusion rules are a form of scripting language that define how structured news reports should be merged. The antecedent of a fusion rule is a call to investigate the information in the structured news reports and the background knowledge, and the consequent of a fusion rule is a formula specifying an action to be undertaken to form a merged report. It is expected that a set of fusion rules is defined for any given application. In this paper, we present a framework for aggregation predicates that can be used in fusion rules for context-dependent aggregation of structured news reports. We also present a case study that uses aggregation predicates to merge weather reports that have been obtained from a selection of websites.

[1]  Marco Schaerf,et al.  Arbitration (or How to Merge Knowledge Bases) , 1998, IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng..

[2]  Anthony Hunter,et al.  Merging potentially inconsistent items of structured text , 2000, Data Knowl. Eng..

[3]  Arnaud Sahuguet,et al.  Building Light-Weight Wrappers for Legacy Web Data-Sources Using W4F , 1999, VLDB.

[4]  Ian Horrocks.  The FaCT System , 1998, TABLEAUX.

[5]  Diego Calvanese,et al.  Source integration in data warehousing , 1998, Proceedings Ninth International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications (Cat. No.98EX130).

[6]  Regina Barzilay,et al.  Information Fusion in the Context of Multi-Document Summarization , 1999, ACL.

[7]  Hector Garcia-Molina,et al.  Template-based wrappers in the TSIMMIS system , 1997, SIGMOD '97.

[8]  William W. Cohen.  A Web-based information system that reasons with structured collections of text , 1998, AGENTS '98.

[9]  Ulrike Sattler,et al.  A Data Warehouse Conceptual Data Model for Multidimensional Aggregation , 1999, DMDW.

[10]  Victor W. Marek,et al.  Revision Programming , 1998, Theor. Comput. Sci..

[11]  Hirofumi Katsuno,et al.  On the Difference between Updating a Knowledge Base and Revising It , 1991, KR.

[12]  Laurence Cholvy.  Reasoning About Data Provided By Federated Deductive Databases , 2004, Journal of Intelligent Information Systems.

[13]  Anthony Hunter,et al.  Logical fusion rules for merging structured news reports , 2002, Data Knowl. Eng..

[14]  Anthony Hunter,et al.  Merging structured text using temporal knowledge , 2002, Data Knowl. Eng..

[15]  Nicolas Spyratos,et al.  Integration of information in four-valued logics under non-uniform assumptions , 2000, Proceedings 30th IEEE International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic (ISMVL 2000).

[16]  Weiru Liu,et al.  Fusion rules for merging uncertain information , 2006, Inf. Fusion.

[17]  Jerry S. Kelly,et al.  Social Choice Theory: An Introduction , 1988 .

[18]  Diego Calvanese,et al.  The Description Logic Handbook: Theory, Implementation, and Applications , 2003, Description Logic Handbook.

[19]  Peter Gärdenfors,et al.  Knowledge in Flux , 1988 .

[20]  Diego Calvanese,et al.  Description Logic Framework for Information Integration , 1998, KR.

[21]  Anthony Hunter,et al.  Propositional Fusion Rules , 2003, ECSQARU.

[22]  W. Salmon,et al.  Knowledge in Flux , 1991 .

[23]  Jinxin Lin,et al.  Integration of Weighted Knowledge Bases , 1996, Artif. Intell..

[24]  Peter Gärdenfors,et al.  On the logic of theory change: Partial meet contraction and revision functions , 1985, Journal of Symbolic Logic.

[25]  Alberto O. Mendelzon,et al.  Tableau Techniques for Querying Information Sources through Global Schemas , 1999, ICDT.

[26]  Alexandra Poulovassilis,et al.  A General Formal Framework for Schema Transformation , 1998, Data Knowl. Eng..

[27]  Bodo Rieger,et al.  Semantic Integration of Heterogeneous Information Sources , 2000, EFIS.

[28]  Jürg Kohlas,et al.  Handbook of Defeasible Reasoning and Uncertainty Management Systems , 2000 .

[29]  Peter M. D. Gray,et al.  Developing Finite Domain Constraints - A Data Model Approach , 2000, Computational Logic.

[30]  Weiru Liu,et al.  Logical reasoning with multiple granularities of uncertainty in semi-structured information , 2004 .

[31]  Alain Pirotte,et al.  Imperfect Information in Relational Databases , 1996, Uncertainty Management in Information Systems.

[32]  Carole A. Goble,et al.  Query processing in the TAMBIS bioinformatics source integration system , 1999, Proceedings. Eleventh International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management.

[33]  Sébastien Konieczny,et al.  On the Logic of Merging , 1998, KR.

[34]  P ShethAmit,et al.  Federated database systems for managing distributed, heterogeneous, and autonomous databases , 1990 .

[35]  Serafín Moral,et al.  Merging databases: Problems and examples , 2001, Int. J. Intell. Syst..

[36]  J. Kelly.  Social Choice Theory: An Introduction , 1988 .

[37]  Leo Obrst,et al.  Unpacking the semantics of source and usage to perform semantic reconciliation in large-scale information systems , 1999, SGMD.

[38]  Sarit Kraus,et al.  Combining Knowledge Bases Consisting of First Order Theories , 1991, ISMIS.

[39]  Amihai Motro,et al.  Uncertainty Management in Information Systems: From Needs to Solution , 1996 .

[40]  Trevor J. M. Bench-Capon,et al.  The KRAFT architecture for knowledge fusion and transformation , 2000, Knowl. Based Syst..

[41]  Anthony Hunter.  How to act on inconsistent news: Ignore, resolve, or reject , 2006, Data Knowl. Eng..

[42]  Anthony Hunter,et al.  Reasoning with inconsistency in structured text , 2000, The Knowledge Engineering Review.