Analyse de performances de systèmes de communication sans-fils exploitant micro- et macro-diversité. (Performance analysis of wireless communication system exploiting micro- and macro-diversity)

Wireless systems are now popular worldwide to help people and machines to communicate with each other independently of their location. Hence, the demand for capacity in cellular and wireless local area networks has grown in a literally explosive manner during the last decade. But, data transmission over wireless communication suffers from several channel impairements such as fading and cochannel interference. An efficient technique to mitigate the fading and increase the communication link robustness is the spatial diversity. This thesis deals with the perfomance analysis of wireless communication systems exploiting spatial microand macro-diversity. The first part is concerned with the investigation of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems using Orthogonal Frequency division Multiplexing (OFDM), in the micro-diversity context. It is shown that taking into account the real channel delay profile can have an impact on the MIMO/OFDM system ergodic and outage capacities, when a parametrized cannel model is considered. Then, two space-time block coding schemes are proposed for a MIMO/OFDM system using two transmit antennas. These schemes, based on the Alamouti code, partially simulate the spatial diversity by the frequency one by taking advantages of the OFDM modulation, and present a rate of a half. We find that the diversity order of the proposed schemes converges to a half-rate scheme using 4 antennas instead of 2. The second part deals with the performance of wireless systems exploiting spatial macro-diversity. First, a realistic channel model based on a refinement of the Radio-Frequency Fornt-End (RFFE) is proposed. The impact of this realistic channel model on the MIMO system capacity is investigated, in both the microand macro-diversity contexts. It is shown that this refined channel model can describe the capacity behavior as observed in real implementations. Then, an optimal power allocation algorithm is proposed for the two-relay regenerative parallel transmission system. This optimization, subject to a cartain power budget to be allocated between the two relays, is done in order to minimize the BER at the destination. It is found that the relayed transmission can give better results than the direct transmission, and that the optimal power allocation is more useful when the relayed links are unbalanced.

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