Multigroup diagnosis of electrocardiograms.

Abstract A computer program for the automatic analysis of the electrocardiogram is described with details about wave recognition, measurements, and the calculation of the posterior probabilities of each diagnosis. The advantages and disadvantages of this multivariate statistical procedure are discussed. Classification statements result from separate analyses of the QRS-T complex, P wave, and ST segment. Criteria for inclusion of the patients forming the data base are given, with tables of measurement means and standard deviations, as well as an investigation of agreement between calculated and observed probabilities. Estimated error rates are given in the form of misclassification matrices, computed from large numbers of tracings collected by a Veterans Administration Cooperative Study, where the correct diagnoses are taken from clinical, laboratory, and autopsy information.

[1]  H. Pipberger,et al.  The Corrected Orthogonal Electrocardiogram and Vectorcardiogram in 510 Normal Men (Frank Lead System) , 1964, Circulation.

[2]  G. S. Watson,et al.  The Statistics of Orientation Data , 1966, The Journal of Geology.

[3]  H V PIPBERGER,et al.  Automatic Recognition of Electrocardiographic Waves by Digital Computer , 1961, Circulation research.

[4]  J L Willems,et al.  Arrhythmia detection by digital computer. , 1972, Computers and biomedical research, an international journal.

[5]  H. Warner,et al.  A mathematical approach to medical diagnosis. Application to congenital heart disease. , 1961, JAMA.

[6]  E E Eddleman,et al.  Computer analysis of the orthogonal electrocardiogram and vectorcardiogram in 1,002 patients with myocardial infarction. , 1971, American heart journal.

[7]  H V Pipberger,et al.  Analysis of the Orthogonal Electrocardiogram and Vectorcardiogram in Ventricular Conduction Defects With and Without Myocardial Infarction , 1969, Circulation.

[8]  B. Chandrasekaran,et al.  Independence of measurements and the mean recognition accuracy , 1971, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[9]  L B Lusted,et al.  Computer-aided analysis of radiographic images. , 1966, Journal of chronic diseases.

[10]  A. E. Maxwell,et al.  Classification Procedures Based on Bayes's Formula , 1960 .

[11]  Noboru Okamoto,et al.  Diagnostic accuracy of the vectorcardiogram and electrocardiogram: A cooperative study , 1966 .

[12]  G. S. Watson,et al.  Statistical methods for the analysis of problems in animal orientation and certain biological rhythms , 1966 .

[13]  E. Frank.  An Accurate, Clinically Practical System For Spatial Vectorcardiography , 1956, Circulation.

[14]  J. Cornfield,et al.  A multivariate analysis of the risk of coronary heart disease in Framingham. , 1967, Journal of chronic diseases.

[15]  H V Pipberger,et al.  Correlations of the Orthogonal Electrocardiogram and Vectorcardiogram with Constitutional Variables in 518 Normal Men , 1967, Circulation.

[16]  T D Downs,et al.  Statistical methods for vectorcardiographic directions. , 1969, IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering.

[17]  H V Pipberger,et al.  Computer analysis of the orthogonal electrocardiogram in pulmonary emphysema. , 1970, The American journal of cardiology.