Multi-objective bi-level real-time charging/discharging dispatch with coordination of BSS and grid

The disordered charging of numerous EVs(Electric Vehicles) may produce significant negative impacts on the secure and economic operation of both grid and BSS(Battery Swapping Station). A multiobjective bi-level optimization model of real-time charging / discharging dispatch with coordination of BSS and grid is established,which considers the prediction of incoming EVs,the battery swapping needs of customers and the operational constraints of grid and BBS. The upper-level model takes the minimum grid load variation and the minimum dispatch deviation between two levels as its objectives and lets the upperlevel dispatch center determine the real-time charging / discharging schedule for every BSS,while the lowerlevel model takes the response of every charging / discharging device to the schedule of upper-level dispatch and the battery swapping needs of customers as its objectives and converts the large-scale mixedinteger nonlinear programming into a nonlinear multi-objective programming and a large-scale MILP(Mixed Integer Linear Programming). Improved NSGA-Ⅱ based on Zaslavskii chaotic map and YALMIP / CPLEX are employed to solve two models respectively. The IEEE 30-bus system is employed to demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed models.