With 800 000 head, Niger is undoubtedly an important camel raising country. Traditionally, the camel's strength is used for riding, packsaddle work and water extraction but its advantages for cart pulling and ploughing are under-estimated or even unknown. However, the use of camels for ploughing and pulling carts has been observed in farming areas in Niger for several years. The dynamics are due to private initiative or have been promoted by development projects aware of the unexploited potential of this species. This paper discusses the experiences in promoting camel traction in Niger, led by the "projet filiere cameline" (camel traction project), focusing on technology (agriculture and mechanical equipment designed for use with working camels), economics (credit to buy equipment) and improving the capacity (technical training and reinforcement of scientific expertise) of the project team supporting this promotion.