Non-negative Wigner functions in prime dimensions

According to a classical result due to Hudson, the Wigner function of a pure, continuous-variable quantum state is non-negative if and only if the state is Gaussian. We have proven an analogous statement for finite-dimensional quantum systems. In this context, the role of Gaussian states is taken on by stabilizer states. The general results have been published in [1]. For the case of systems of odd prime dimension, a different, greatly simplified method of proof can be employed which still exhibits the main ideas. The present paper gives a self-contained account of these methods.

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