Sandwich enzyme immunoassays for detection of Salmonella typhi.

Enzyme immunoassays were developed using monoclonal antibodies raised against somatic (O), flagellar (H) and capsular (Vi) antigens of Salmonella typhi. The assay based on anti-O monoclonal antibodies could specifically detect S. typhi and soluble lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from S. typhi. Anti-H MoAbs detected motile S. typhi and soluble flagellar antigen. Monoclonal antibodies against capsular polysaccharide could detect Vi-containing S. typhi as well as soluble Vi antigen. The three assays reported here detected S. typhi with 100% sensitivity in blood culture broths obtained from bacteriologically confirmed typhoid patients and were negative with blood specimens containing Salmonella senftenberg, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis or Streptococcus (alpha-hemolytic) derived from patients with pyrexia. The assays, however, did not demonstrate the presence of soluble antigens in sera and urine samples obtained from typhoid patients.

[1]  P. Nakane,et al.  PEROXIDASE-LABELED ANTIBODY A NEW METHOD OF CONJUGATION , 1974, The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society.

[2]  G. P. Talwar,et al.  Monoclonal antibodies against two discrete determinants on Vi capsular polysaccharide. , 1990, Journal of immunoassay.

[3]  R. Griffith,et al.  Application of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunoassay to the identification of Salmonellae from pure culture and animal tissue , 1984, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[4]  G. Araj,et al.  Detection of Salmonella spp. in clinical specimens by capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay , 1987, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[5]  M. Levine,et al.  Diagnostic value of the Widal test in areas endemic for typhoid fever. , 1978, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[6]  D. Dennis,et al.  Detection of Salmonella typhi D, Vi, and d antigens, by slide coagglutination, in urine from patients with typhoid fever , 1980, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[7]  M. Levine,et al.  Summary of an international workshop on typhoid fever. , 1986, Reviews of infectious diseases.

[8]  A. Gupta,et al.  Simultaneous detection of Salmonella typhi antigen and antibody in serum by counter-immunoelectrophoresis for an early and rapid diagnosis of typhoid fever. , 1979, Journal of immunological methods.

[9]  J. Sippel,et al.  Rapid, economical diagnosis of enteric fever by a blood clot culture coagglutination procedure , 1983, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[10]  R. Hornick.  Selective primary health care: strategies for control of disease in the developing world. XX. Typhoid fever. , 1985, Reviews of infectious diseases.

[11]  G. P. Talwar,et al.  Monoclonal antibodies against flagellar antigen of Salmonella typhi. , 1989, Hybridoma.

[12]  S. Avrameas,et al.  Coupling of enzymes to proteins with glutaraldehyde. Use of the conjugates for the detection of antigens and antibodies. , 1969, Immunochemistry.

[13]  R. Pitt,et al.  A NEW ANTIGEN OF B. TYPHOSUS: ITS RELATION TO VIRULENCE AND TO ACTIVE AND PASSIVE IMMUNISATION , 1934 .

[14]  M. Lesmana,et al.  Enrichment culture coagglutination test for rapid, low-cost diagnosis of salmonellosis , 1980, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[15]  A. Lindberg,et al.  Diagnosis of Salmonella infections: specificity of indirect immunofluorescence for rapid identification of Salmonella enteritidis and usefulness of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. , 1979, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[16]  S. Gupta,et al.  Monoclonal antibodies delineate multiple epitopes on the O antigens of Salmonella typhi lipopolysaccharide , 1988, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[17]  P. Lim,et al.  Detection of group D salmonellae in blood culture broth and of soluble antigen by tube agglutination using an O-9 monoclonal antibody latex conjugate , 1987, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[18]  G. Fleet,et al.  Method for the isolation of highly purified Salmonella flagellins , 1985, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[19]  C. Jenkin,et al.  Isolation of pure IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b immunoglobulins from mouse serum using protein A-sepharose. , 1978, Immunochemistry.

[20]  J. Bryan,et al.  Leishmaniasis in The Gambia. 2. A study of possible vectors and animal reservoirs, with the first report of a case of canine leishmaniasis in The Gambia. , 1983, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

[21]  T. Barrett,et al.  Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Salmonella typhi Vi antigen in urine from typhoid patients , 1982, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[22]  M. Levine,et al.  Detection of urinary Vi antigen as a diagnostic test for typhoid fever , 1983, Journal of clinical microbiology.