Post-mortem Iris Recognition with Deep-Learning-based Image Segmentation

This paper proposes the first known to us iris recognition methodology designed specifically for post-mortem samples. We propose to use deep learning-based iris segmentation models to extract highly irregular iris texture areas in post-mortem iris images. We show how to use segmentation masks predicted by neural networks in conventional, Gabor-based iris recognition method, which employs circular approximations of the pupillary and limbic iris boundaries. As a whole, this method allows for a significant improvement in post-mortem iris recognition accuracy over the methods designed only for ante-mortem irises, including the academic OSIRIS and commercial IriCore implementations. The proposed method reaches the EER less than 1% for samples collected up to 10 hours after death, when compared to 16.89% and 5.37% of EER observed for OSIRIS and IriCore, respectively. For samples collected up to 369 hours post-mortem, the proposed method achieves the EER 21.45%, while 33.59% and 25.38% are observed for OSIRIS and IriCore, respectively. Additionally, the method is tested on a database of iris images collected from ophthalmology clinic patients, for which it also offers an advantage over the two other algorithms. This work is the first step towards post-mortem-specific iris recognition, which increases the chances of identification of deceased subjects in forensic investigations. The new database of post-mortem iris images acquired from 42 subjects, as well as the deep learning-based segmentation models are made available along with the paper, to ensure all the results presented in this manuscript are reproducible.

[1]  S Bolme David,et al.  Impact of environmental factors on biometric matching during human decomposition , 2016 .

[2]  Mateusz Trokielewicz,et al.  Data-driven segmentation of post-mortem iris images , 2018, 2018 International Workshop on Biometrics and Forensics (IWBF).

[3]  Tiffany B. Saul,et al.  The Effect of Decomposition on the Efficacy of Biometrics for Positive Identification , 2017, Journal of forensic sciences.

[4]  Arun Ross,et al.  Post-mortem iris biometric analysis in Sus scrofa domesticus , 2015, 2015 IEEE 7th International Conference on Biometrics Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS).

[5]  Alora k. H. Sansola Postmortem iris recognition and its application in human identification , 2015 .

[6]  Mateusz Trokielewicz,et al.  Human iris recognition in post-mortem subjects: Study and database , 2016, 2016 IEEE 8th International Conference on Biometrics Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS).

[7]  Mateusz Trokielewicz,et al.  Iris Recognition After Death , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security.

[8]  Roberto Cipolla,et al.  SegNet: A Deep Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Architecture for Image Segmentation , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[9]  David S. Bolme,et al.  Impact of environmental factors on biometric matching during human decomposition , 2016, 2016 IEEE 8th International Conference on Biometrics Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS).

[10]  Kevin W. Bowyer,et al.  Iris Recognition with Image Segmentation Employing Retrained Off-the-Shelf Deep Neural Networks , 2019, 2019 International Conference on Biometrics (ICB).

[11]  Mateusz Trokielewicz,et al.  Post-mortem human iris recognition , 2016, 2016 International Conference on Biometrics (ICB).

[12]  Mateusz Trokielewicz,et al.  Database of iris images acquired in the presence of ocular pathologies and assessment of iris recognition reliability for disease-affected eyes , 2015, 2015 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Cybernetics (CYBCONF).

[13]  John Daugman,et al.  New Methods in Iris Recognition , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics).

[14]  T. Boult,et al.  The eyes have it , 2003, WBMA '03.

[15]  P ? ? ? ? ? ? ? % ? ? ? ? , 1991 .

[16]  Andreas Uhl,et al.  Exploiting superior CNN-based iris segmentation for better recognition accuracy , 2019, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[17]  Mateusz Trokielewicz,et al.  Presentation Attack Detection for Cadaver Iris , 2018, 2018 IEEE 9th International Conference on Biometrics Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS).