Wider economic impacts of transport investments in New Zealand

This paper develops a methodology and evidence to enable the assessment of wider economic impacts of transport. Quantifying these wider economic impacts is important as they are likely to be non-trivial in magnitude and they are currently excluded from the current appraisal methods. The paper derives New Zealand-based values of key parameters on imperfect competition benefits, increased competition benefits, labour supply benefits and job relocation benefits. The methodology and the key parameters are then applied to a transport project to demonstrate how the wider economic impacts can be quantified.

[1]  T. Maloney The impact of welfare reform on labour supply behaviour in New Zealand , 2000 .

[2]  L. Cheng,et al.  What are the determinants of the location of foreign direct investment? The Chinese experience , 2000 .

[3]  On Indexed Bonds and Aggregate Demand Elasticity , 2009 .

[4]  A. Venables,et al.  Spatial Determinants of Productivity: Analysis for the Regions of Great Britain , 2004 .

[5]  J. Creedy,et al.  Tax Policy Design and Behavioural Microsimulation Modelling , 2007 .

[6]  R. Griffith,et al.  Product Market Reform and Innovation in the EU , 2006 .

[7]  J. Henderson Marshall&Apos;S Economies , 1999 .

[8]  James Laird,et al.  Current Practice in Project Appraisal in Europe , 2005 .

[9]  J. Henderson,et al.  The impact of government policies on urban concentration , 1982 .

[10]  Arthur Grimes,et al.  Bridge to Somewhere: The Value of Auckland's Northern Motorway Extensions , 2008 .

[11]  S. Rosenthal,et al.  Evidence on the nature and sources of agglomeration economies , 2004 .

[12]  H. Görg,et al.  Price cost margins and exporting behaviour: Evidence from firm level data , 2003 .

[13]  Pierangelo De Pace,et al.  Do European Capital Flows Comove? , 2009 .

[14]  Daniel J. Graham Wider economic benefits of transport improvements - link between agglomeration and productivity - stage 2 report , 2006 .

[15]  Daniel F. Garrett,et al.  Labour Force Participation and GDP in New Zealand , 2004 .

[16]  David C. Maré Labour Productivity in Auckland Firms , 2008 .

[17]  S. Machin,et al.  Rail access and house prices: an evaluation of the wider benefits of transport improvements , 2003 .

[18]  Yorgos J. Stephanedes,et al.  TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS OF INTERACTIONS BETWEEN TRANSPORTATION AND MANUFACTURING AND RETAIL EMPLOYMENT , 1986 .

[19]  Adelheid Holl,et al.  Twenty years of accessibility improvements. The case of the Spanish motorway building programme , 2007 .

[20]  T. Powell THE PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORT ECONOMICS , 2001 .

[21]  Claudio A. Agostini,et al.  The Anticipated Capitalisation Effect of a New Metro Line on Housing Prices , 2008 .

[22]  Christophe Kolodziejczyk Retirement and Fixed Costs to Work: An Empirical Analysis , 2006 .

[23]  M. Pickford THE DETERMINANTS OF SELLER CONCENTRATION IN NEW ZEALAND MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY , 1983 .

[24]  D. Graham,et al.  An empirical analytical framework for agglomeration economies , 2008 .

[25]  A. Oswald,et al.  Estimated Regional Wage Relativities for England A Report for the South East Area Cost Adjustment Group & Association of London Government , 2002 .

[26]  D. Bao Time-Varying Market Leverage and the Market Risk Premium in New Zealand , 2008 .

[27]  N. Driffield,et al.  Foreign direct investment, technology sourcing and reverse spillovers , 2003 .

[28]  David Alan Aschauer,et al.  IS PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PRODUCTIVE , 1989 .

[29]  J. Hausman,et al.  Did Mandatory Unbundling Achieve Its Purpose? Empirical Evidence from Five Countries , 2004 .

[30]  M. Florio Guide to cost-benefit analysis of investment projects : structural funds and instrument for pre-accession , 2008 .

[31]  D. Romer,et al.  Does Trade Cause Growth , 1999 .

[32]  Yongcheol Shin,et al.  Pooled Estimation of Long-run Relationships in Dynamic Heterogeneous Panels , 1997 .

[33]  A. J. Khadaroo,et al.  Transport infrastructure and foreign direct investment , 2010 .

[34]  A. Venables Evaluating Urban Transport Improvements: Cost-Benefit Analysis in the Presence of Agglomeration and Income Taxation , 2004 .

[35]  Peter K. Schott,et al.  Trade costs, firms and productivity , 2006 .

[36]  Ian Small,et al.  The Cyclicality of Mark-Ups and Profit Margins: Some Evidence for Manufacturing and Services , 1997 .

[37]  N. Pain,et al.  Inward Investment and Technical Progress in the United Kingdom Manufacturing Sector , 2001 .

[38]  R. Griffith,et al.  The link between product market reform and macro-economic performance , 2004 .

[39]  Bert Van Wee,et al.  Evaluating Transport Infrastructure Investments: The Dutch Experience with a Standardized Approach , 2007 .

[40]  N. Crafts REGULATION AND PRODUCTIVITY PERFORMANCE , 2006 .

[41]  M. Armstrong,et al.  Recent developments in the theory of regulation , 2007 .

[42]  Jan Oosterhaven,et al.  Integral cost-benefit analysis of Maglev projects under market imperfections , 2008 .

[43]  S. Stillman,et al.  Regional economic performance in New Zealand: How does Auckland compare? , 2007 .

[44]  Wage and employment rates in New Zealand from 1991 to 2001 , 2004 .

[45]  J. G. Chapela Commuting costs and labor force retirement , 2008 .

[46]  E. Glaeser,et al.  Growth in Cities , 1991, Journal of Political Economy.

[47]  G. Kalb Modelling Labour Supply Responses in Australia and New Zealand , 2010 .

[48]  Nagesh Kumar Infrastructure Availability, Foreign Direct Investment Inflows and Their Export-Orientation: A Cross-Country Exploration , 2006 .

[49]  A. Venables,et al.  Infrastructure, Geographical Disadvantage, Transport Costs, and Trade , 2001 .

[50]  A. Erdogan Productivity Spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment: A Review of the Literature , 2011 .

[51]  R. Ratnayake Industry concentration and competition: New Zealand experience , 1999 .

[52]  Jorge Martínez-Vázquez,et al.  Are Government Policies More Important than Taxation in Attracting FDI? , 2007 .

[53]  P. McCann Economic geography, globalisation and New Zealand's productivity paradox , 2009 .

[54]  R. Hall,et al.  Productivity and the Density of Economic Activity , 1993 .

[55]  David C. Maré,et al.  Cyclical Earnings Variation and the Composition of Employment , 2008 .

[56]  J. Creedy,et al.  Relative welfare losses and imperfect competition in New Zealand , 2000 .

[57]  David C. Maré,et al.  Agglomeration Elasticities in New Zealand , 2009 .

[58]  A. Kokko,et al.  Foreign direct investment : firm and host country strategies , 2000 .

[59]  Michael Pickford,et al.  Estimating the Herfindahl Index from Concentration Ratio Data , 1985 .

[60]  G. Kalb,et al.  New Zealand Labour Supply from 1991-2001: An Analysis Based on a Discrete Choice Structural Utility Model , 2003 .

[61]  M. Kidd,et al.  The employment effects of gender discrimination in Australia 1994-95 , 2001 .

[62]  A. o'sullivan,et al.  Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, Volume 4: Cities and Geography , 2006 .

[63]  D. Graham Agglomeration, Productivity and Transport Investment , 2007 .

[64]  H. Reed,et al.  Entering work and the British tax and benefit system , 1999 .

[65]  T. R. Lakshmanan,et al.  The broader economic consequences of transport infrastructure investments , 2011 .

[66]  Daniel J. Graham,et al.  Variable returns to agglomeration and the effect of road traffic congestion , 2007 .