Synthesis and curing behavior of novel multifunctional hybrid oligomers

Novel multifunctional hybrid vinylized epoxide oligomers (MVEOs) containing two different reactive groups were synthesized through the esterification of tetraglycidyl 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM) with acrylic acid (AA) at various molar ratios. The changes of vinyl ester and epoxy groups in MVEOs were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and Gel permeation chromatograph. It was found that more amount of AA in the reactant would increase the contents of vinyl ester and molecular weight. The curing behavior of MVEOs has been studied by scanning differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Two distinct exothermic peaks were observed in the MVEOs which can be attributed to the radical polymerization of vinyl ester/styrene and condensation polymerization of epoxy/MeTHPA, respectively. Two different kinds of curing programs have influenced each other which makes the exothermic peaks overlapped. The DSC scan of MVEO-2 indicated that the radical initiated curing reaction of vinyl ester won't notably affect the curing of epoxy without MeTHPA. However, the thermal curing of vinyl ester in MVEO-2 without MEKP/Co would be occurred with the temperature rising. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42276.

[1]  Jue Cheng,et al.  The influence of tertiary amine accelerators on the curing behaviors of epoxy/anhydride systems , 2014 .

[2]  N. Tudorachi,et al.  Thermosetting resins obtained via sequential photo and thermal crosslinking of epoxy resins. Curing kinetics, thermal properties and morphology , 2013 .

[3]  C. Vallo,et al.  Monitoring of visible light photopolymerization of an epoxy/ dimethacrylate hybrid system by Raman and near-infrared spectroscopies , 2013 .

[4]  S. Sprenger.  Epoxy resins modified with elastomers and surface-modified silica nanoparticles , 2013 .

[5]  W. Brostow,et al.  High impact strength and low wear of epoxy modified by a combination of liquid carboxyl terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile) rubber and organoclay , 2013 .

[6]  D. Srivastava,et al.  Studies on the synthesis and curing of epoxidized novolac vinyl ester resin from renewable resource material , 2010 .

[7]  D. Srivastava,et al.  Laminates based on vinyl ester resin and glass fabric: A study on the thermal, mechanical and morphological characteristics , 2010 .

[8]  W. Cook,et al.  Curing kinetics and morphology of IPNs from a flexible dimethacrylate and a rigid epoxy via sequential photo and thermal polymerization , 2008 .

[9]  M. Alagar,et al.  Thermomechanical Behavior of Vinyl Ester Oligomer-Toughened Epoxy-Clay Hybrid Nanocomposites , 2008 .

[10]  L. Varghese,et al.  Epoxy-modified, unsaturated polyester hybrid networks , 2007 .

[11]  B. Narasimhan,et al.  The effect of interpenetrating polymer network formation on polymerization kinetics in an epoxy‐acrylate system , 2006 .

[12]  J. Scala,et al.  The use of bimodal blends of vinyl ester monomers to improve resin processing and toughen polymer properties , 2005 .

[13]  A. Srivastava,et al.  KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF ESTERIFICATION OF MONOEPOXIES , 2005 .

[14]  W. Cook,et al.  Effect of Curing Sequence on the Photopolymerization and Thermal Curing Kinetics of Dimethacrylate/Epoxy Interpenetrating Polymer Networks , 2002 .

[15]  P. Cassidy,et al.  Epoxy‐toughened, unsaturated polyester interpenetrating networks , 2002 .

[16]  P. Burchill,et al.  Effects of processing conditions on the curing of a vinyl ester resin , 2002 .

[17]  W. Cook,et al.  Kinetics and network structure of thermally cured vinyl ester resins , 2002 .

[18]  W. Cook,et al.  Curing behaviour of IPNs formed from model VERs and epoxy systems: Part II. Imidazole-cured epoxy , 2001 .

[19]  W. Cook,et al.  Curing behaviour of IPNs formed from model VERs and epoxy systems I amine cured epoxy , 2001 .

[20]  R. Day,et al.  Toughened carbon/epoxy composites made by using core/shell particles , 2001 .

[21]  Luis Manuel León,et al.  Study of the curing process of a vinyl ester resin by means of TSR and DMTA , 2000 .

[22]  Mu-Shih Lin,et al.  Toughened interpenetrating polymer network materials based on unsaturated polyester and epoxy , 1999 .

[23]  G. Palmese,et al.  Effects of temperature on cure kinetics and mechanical properties of vinyl-ester resins , 1999 .

[24]  F. Hua,et al.  Interpenetrating polymer networks of epoxy resin and urethane acrylate resin: 1. Kinetics of network formation , 1999 .

[25]  G. Simon,et al.  Thermoplastic toughening of epoxy resins: a critical review , 1998 .

[26]  G. S. Mukherjee,et al.  Role of polyester resin on the epoxy matrix system , 1995 .

[27]  Mu-Shih Lin,et al.  KINETIC-STUDIES OF COMPATIBLE SIMULTANEOUS INTERPENETRATING POLYMER NETWORKS BASED ON POLY(POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) MALEATE) AND EPOXY-RESIN , 1994 .

[28]  Y. Shih,et al.  Optically clear simulataneous interpenetrating polymer networks based on poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and epoxy. II. Kinetic study , 1993 .

[29]  Mu-Shih Lin,et al.  Chemorheology on Simultaneous IPN Formation of Epoxy Resin and Unsaturated Polyester , 1992 .

[30]  G. Meyer,et al.  Kinetics of formation of polyurethane-poly(methyl methacrylate) interpenetrating polymer networks: 2. Synthesis of the rigid network in the presence of the elastomeric network , 1988 .