LAA: Lattice-Based Access Authentication Scheme for IoT in Space Information Networks

Space information network (SIN), which has the characteristics of large capacity, high reliability, and wide coverage, can be effectively applied to the Internet of Things (IoT) business. However, SIN is vulnerable to various attacks due to its highly exposed links, and the power and processing capacity of satellites and IoT devices (IoTDs) are usually limited. Meanwhile, massive IoTDs connecting to SIN in an instant incur a severe signaling congestion and there is no authentication protocol proposed for massive IoTDs in SIN. In this article, we first propose a novel semi-aggregated signature mechanism and session key agreement mechanism. Then, based on the above two mechanisms, we propose a novel access authentication scheme named lattice-based access authentication (LAA) which contains two types of lattice-based authentication protocols: 1) LAA for massive IoTDs and 2) LAA for a single IoTD. The security analysis by employing the formal provable security analysis, the automation verification tool named Scyther, the Burrows–Abadi–Needham-logic, and the informal security analysis demonstrate that our proposed protocols successfully achieve these security properties, including mutual authentication, conditional anonymity, unlinkability, data confidentiality, data integrity, unforgeability, undeniability, key establishment, perfect forward/backward secrecy (PFS/PBS), and resistance against protocol attacks and quantum attacks. We further evaluate the performance of our proposed protocols with regard to signaling overhead, transmission overhead, computational overhead, and authentication delay, which shows that our proposed protocols can provide high efficiency.