Direct-Current Vacuum Circuit Breaker With Superconducting Fault-Current Limiter

The objective of this paper is to propose a dc current interruption technology for railway dc traction systems, consisting of a dc vacuum circuit breaker with a superconducting fault-current limiter (SFCL). To this end, a 1.5-kV dc circuit breaker prototype is designed, involving a dc vacuum circuit breaker and a resistive-type SFCL serially connected. The dc vacuum circuit breaker is developed with a commutation circuit to generate a reverse injection current, and the resistive-type SFCL is composed of yttrium barium copper oxide superconducting tape. An LC current source tested the 1.5-kV prototype, showing that, when the precharged capacitor voltage is 1.5 kV, the prospective current is 47 kA increasing at a rate of 9.4 A/μs. The SFCL limits this current to ∼3 kA (peak value), and then, decreases the current to 2 kA after 6 ms, followed by successful clearance via the dc vacuum circuit breaker. The proposed 1.5-kV circuit breaker will successfully clear short-circuit faults up to 47 kA by first limiting the prospective current and then interrupting it.