Assimilation of MODIS snow cover and real time snow depth point data in a snow dynamic model

This paper describes a data assimilation method that uses observations of snow covered area and snow gauges measurements to update a simple hydrological model. The assimilation method uses snow gauges and snow cover area information as part of a nudging scheme to modify the modeled distribution of snow and the snow water equivalent state. This method permits an optimal combination of model simulations and observations, as well as propagation of information across model states and it is applied in a mountainous area of the Alps (Valle d'Aosta).

[1]  Mohan K. Ramamurthy,et al.  Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation in the Monsoon Region. Part II: Role of Temperature and Moisture Data , 1988 .

[2]  William P. Kustas,et al.  A simple energy budget algorithm for the snowmelt runoff model. , 1994 .

[3]  I M Shkolnik,et al.  Snow cover and permafrost evolution in Siberia as simulated by the MGO regional climate model in the 20th and 21st centuries , 2010 .

[4]  H. Davies,et al.  Updating prediction models by dynamical relaxation - An examination of the technique. [for numerical weather forecasting] , 1977 .

[5]  Richard A. Anthes,et al.  Data Assimilation and Initialization of Hurricane Prediction Models , 1974 .

[6]  Mohan K. Ramamurthy,et al.  Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation in the Monsoon Region. Part I: Experiments with Wind Data , 1987 .

[7]  D. H. Gray,et al.  An evaluation of snow accumulation and ablation processes for land surface modelling , 1998 .

[8]  J. Hoke,et al.  The Initialization of Numerical Models by a Dynamic-Initialization Technique , 1976 .

[9]  Ying-Hwa Kuo,et al.  Dynamic Initialization Using Observations from a Hypothetical Network of Profilers , 1989 .

[10]  Gabriele Moser,et al.  Automatic unsupervised classification of snow-covered areas by decision-tree classification and minimum-error thresholding , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium.

[11]  D. Stauffer,et al.  Use of Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation in a Limited-Area Mesoscale Model. Part I: Experiments with Synoptic-Scale Data , 1990 .

[12]  David R. Stauffer,et al.  Use of Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation in a Limited-Area Mesoscale Model Part II: Effects of Data Assimilation within the Planetary Boundary Layer , 1991 .

[13]  Kelly Elder,et al.  Spatial Snow Modeling of Wind-Redistributed Snow Using Terrain-Based Parameters , 2002 .

[14]  D. Stauffer,et al.  Optimal determination of nudging coefficients using the adjoint equations , 1993 .