A hybrid method for optimal load shedding and improving voltage stability

Abstract In this paper, a hybrid method is proposed for reducing the amount of load shedding and voltage collapse. The hybrid method is the combination of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Neural Network (NN). The GA is used by two stages, one is to frame the optimization model and other stage is to generate data set for developing the NN based intelligent load shedding model. The appropriate buses for load shedding are selected based on the sensitivity of minimum eigenvalue of load flow Jacobian with respect to the load shed. The proposed method is implemented in MATLAB working platform and the performance is tested with 6 bus and IEEE 14 bus bench mark system. The result of the proposed hybrid method is compared with the GA based optimization algorithm. The comparison shows that, the proposed method ensures voltage stability with minimum loading shedding.

[1]  Kalyanmoy Deb,et al.  A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II , 2002, IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput..

[2]  Junqi Liu,et al.  Adaptive load shedding based on combined frequency and voltage stability assessment using synchrophasor measurements , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[3]  Sri Niwas Singh,et al.  A Synchrophasor Assisted Frequency and Voltage Stability Based Load Shedding Scheme for Self-Healing of Power System , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[4]  Francisco Echavarren Cerezo,et al.  A Corrective Load Shedding Scheme to Mitigate Voltage Collapse , 2006 .

[5]  B. Gao,et al.  Voltage Stability Evaluation Using Modal Analysis , 1992, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[6]  B. Vijay Kumar,et al.  Optimal location and sizing of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) to improve dynamic stability: A hybrid technique , 2015 .

[7]  V. Vittal,et al.  Self-Healing in Power Systems: An Approach Using Islanding and Rate of Frequency Decline Based Load Shedding , 2002, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[8]  C. S. Chen,et al.  Design of adaptive load shedding by artificial neural networks , 2005 .

[9]  C. Concordia,et al.  Load shedding on an isolated system , 1995 .

[10]  W. Luan,et al.  Genetic algorithm for supply restoration and optimal load shedding in power system distribution networks , 2002 .

[11]  Ying-Yi Hong,et al.  Genetic-Based Underfrequency Load Shedding in a Stand-Alone Power System Considering Fuzzy Loads , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[12]  Ismail Musirin,et al.  Optimal Fuzzy Inference System incorporated with stability index tracing: An application for effective load shedding , 2014, Expert Syst. Appl..

[13]  Mahmoud M. Othman,et al.  Optimal Planning of Distributed Generators in Distribution Networks Using Modified Firefly Method , 2015 .

[14]  Pushpendra Singh,et al.  Differential evolution applied for anticipatory load shedding with voltage stability considerations , 2012 .

[15]  D. K. Subramanian.  Optimum Load Shedding Through Programming Techniques , 1971 .

[16]  C.-C. Huang,et al.  Adaptive approach to load shedding including pumped-storage units during underfrequency conditions , 2001 .

[17]  M. Begovic,et al.  Use of local measurements to estimate voltage-stability margin , 1997, Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Power Industry Computer Applications.

[18]  Bhujanga B. Chakrabarti,et al.  A preventive/corrective model for voltage stability incorporating dynamic load-shedding , 2003 .

[19]  Y. Halevi,et al.  Optimization of load shedding system , 1993 .

[20]  Vijay Vittal,et al.  Self-healing in power systems: an approach using islanding and rate of frequency decline-based load shedding , 2002 .

[21]  Chao-Shun Chen,et al.  Protective relay setting of the tie line tripping and load shedding for the industrial power system , 1999, 1999 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (Cat. No.99CH36371).

[22]  P. Kundur,et al.  Voltage stability analysis using static and dynamic approaches , 1993 .

[23]  G. J. Berg,et al.  Determination of voltage stability limit in multimachine power systems , 1988 .

[24]  D. Hill,et al.  Voltage stability indices for stressed power systems , 1993 .

[25]  D. P. Kothari,et al.  Corrective rescheduling for static voltage stability control , 2005 .

[26]  J.K. Nelson,et al.  Time optimal load shedding for distributed power systems , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[27]  Maria Dicorato,et al.  A corrective control for angle and voltage stability enhancement on the transient time-scale , 2000 .

[28]  S. S. Venkata,et al.  An adaptive approach to load shedding and spinning reserve control during underfrequency conditions , 1996 .

[29]  Rui Zhang,et al.  Parallel-differential evolution approach for optimal event-driven load shedding against voltage collapse in power systems , 2014 .

[30]  J. Sasikala,et al.  Fuzzy based load shedding strategies for avoiding voltage collapse , 2011, Appl. Soft Comput..

[31]  Ding Xu,et al.  Optimal load shedding strategy in power systems with distributed generation , 2001, 2001 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37194).

[32]  Ying-Yi Hong,et al.  Multiobjective Underfrequency Load Shedding in an Autonomous System Using Hierarchical Genetic Algorithms , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[33]  Xifan Wang,et al.  Determination of load shedding to provide voltage stability , 2011 .

[34]  Amany El-Zonkoly.  Application of smart grid specifications to overcome excessive load shedding in Alexandria, Egypt , 2015 .

[35]  J. Sharma,et al.  Optimum Load Shedding Taking into Account of Voltage and Frequency Characteristics of Loads , 1985, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[36]  C.S. Chen,et al.  The load shedding scheme design for an integrated steelmaking cogeneration facility , 1995, Proceedings of 1995 Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Conference.