Air interface synchronization method and device, and base station

Provided are an air interface synchronization method and device, and a base station. The method comprises: configuring, by a base station, designated uplink and downlink proportions; receiving a physical downlink control channel or an enhanced physical downlink control channel which is transmitted by a source base station, wherein the physical downlink control channel or the enhanced physical downlink control channel is used for indicating an uplink and downlink proportion used after the source base station changes the uplink and downlink proportion; and receiving a reference signal from a subframe of the source base station, which is changed from an uplink subframe to a downlink subframe, and synchronizing with the source base station according to the reference signal.