The relevance of using various scoring schemes revealed by an impact assessment of feral mammals

CITATION: Hagen, B. L. & Kumschick, S. 2018. The relevance of using various scoring schemes revealed by an impact assessment of feral mammals. NeoBiota, 38:37-75, doi:10.3897/neobiota.38.23509.

[1]  Issg 100 of the World’s Worst Invasive Alien Species: A Selection From The Global Invasive Species Database , 2000 .

[2]  P. Kotanen Responses of vegetation to a changing regime of disturbance: effects of feral pigs in a Californian coastal prairie , 1995 .

[3]  K. Brown Predation at nests of two New Zealand endemic passerines; implications for bird community restoration , 1997 .

[4]  Jean-Louis Martin,et al.  Black Rats, Island Characteristics, and Colonial Nesting Birds in the Mediterranean: Consequences of an Ancient Introduction , 2000 .

[5]  D. Reynolds,et al.  Habitat selection patterns of feral horses in southcentral Wyoming. , 1997 .

[6]  Distribution and breeding success of pallid swifts, Apus pallidus, on Mediterranean islands : nest predation by the roof rat, Rattus rattus, and nest site quality , 1997 .

[7]  S. Chown,et al.  The diet and impact of house mice on a sub-Antarctic island , 2002, Polar Biology.

[8]  Ingolf Kühn,et al.  A conceptual framework for prioritization of invasive alien species for management according to their impact , 2012 .

[9]  J. Bingham Canine Rabies Ecology in Southern Africa , 2005, Emerging infectious diseases.

[10]  A. J. Belsky,et al.  SURVEY OF LIVESTOCK INFLUENCES ON STREAM AND RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS IN THE WESTERN UNITED STATES , 1999 .

[11]  H. Jäger,et al.  Galvezia leucantha subsp. porphyrantha (Scrophulariaceae), a New Shrub Snapdragon Endemic to Santiago Island, Galapagos, Ecuador , 2000 .

[12]  M. Mack,et al.  Impacts of biological invasions on disturbance regimes. , 1998, Trends in ecology & evolution.

[13]  Etienne Branquart,et al.  Beyond protocols: improving the reliability of expert-based risk analysis underpinning invasive species policies , 2017, Biological Invasions.

[14]  E. Natoli Urban feral cats (Felis catus L.): perspectives for a demographic control respecting the psycho-biological welfare of the species. , 1994, Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita.

[15]  K. Ruckstuhl,et al.  Impacts of cattle grazing on small-rodent communities: an experimental case study , 2012 .

[16]  David L. Hawksworth,et al.  Biodiversity and Conservation , 2007, Biodiversity & Conservation.

[17]  E. Vanderwerf,et al.  Comparison of Managed and Unmanaged Wedge-Tailed Shearwater Colonies on O'ahu: Effects of Predation , 2002 .

[18]  J. Jiménez,et al.  Conservation and ecological implications of the use of space by chilla foxes and free-ranging dogs in a human-dominated landscape in southern Chile , 2010 .

[19]  C. Sillero-Zubiri,et al.  Rabies Virus in the Decomposed Brain of an Ethiopian Wolf Detected by Nested Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction , 1997, Journal of wildlife diseases.

[20]  R. Monson Ecology and the Environment , 2014, The Plant Sciences.

[21]  P. Parker,et al.  Exposure to Toxoplasma gondii in Galapagos Penguins (Spheniscus mendiculus) and Flightless Cormorants (Phalacrocorax harrisi) in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador , 2010, Journal of wildlife diseases.

[22]  J. Marinho-Filho,et al.  Domestic dogs as an edge effect in the Brasília National Park, Brazil: interactions with native mammals , 2009 .

[23]  A. Shiels,et al.  Dietary niche differentiation among three species of invasive rodents (Rattus rattus, R. exulans, Mus musculus) , 2013, Biological Invasions.

[24]  H. Best,et al.  Feral cats on Stewart Island; their foods, and their effects on kakapo , 1982 .

[25]  J. Villa,et al.  The Galápagos giant tortoises (Geochelone elephantopus) Part II: Conservation methods , 1974 .

[26]  Cornell,et al.  PREDATION OF BIRDS AT FEEDERS IN WINTER , 2004 .

[27]  J. Ramos,et al.  Assessing the impact of introduced cats on island biodiversity by combining dietary and movement analysis , 2014 .

[28]  J. Chapuis,et al.  Alien mammals, impact and management in the French subantarctic islands , 1994 .

[29]  Susan M. Cooper,et al.  DISTRIBUTION AND INTERSPECIES CONTACT OF FERAL SWINE AND CATTLE ON RANGELAND IN SOUTH TEXAS: IMPLICATIONS FOR DISEASE TRANSMISSION , 2010, Journal of wildlife diseases.

[30]  Catastrophic disturbance and vegetation on Little Slope, Lord Howe Island , 1982, Austral Ecology.

[31]  R. Miller Habitat Use of Feral Horses and Cattle in Wyoming's Red Desert , 1983 .

[32]  P. Jouventin,et al.  Restoration of Amsterdam Island, South Indian Ocean, following control of feral cattle. , 1995 .

[33]  T. Blackburn,et al.  Application of the Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) to a global assessment of alien bird impacts , 2016 .

[34]  M. Vilà,et al.  Comparing impacts of alien plants and animals in Europe using a standard scoring system , 2015 .

[35]  E. Beever,et al.  Community- and landscape-level responses of reptiles and small mammals to feral-horse grazing in the Great Basin , 2004 .

[36]  J. Parkes,et al.  Managing vertebrate pests: feral goats. , 1996 .

[37]  D. Mueller‐Dombois,et al.  The Influence of Feral Goats on Koa Tree Reproduction in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park , 1973 .

[38]  Harold A. Mooney,et al.  Review Eradication: What Can Go Wrong Viewing Invasive Species Removal in a Whole-ecosystem Context , 2022 .

[39]  Carol M. Knowles Deborah A. Adams Willie J. Anderson Chr Trosclair,et al.  Dog-bite-related fatalities--United States, 1995-1996. , 1997, MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report.

[40]  D. Sol Are islands more susceptible to be invaded than continents? Birds say no , 2000 .

[41]  B. Fitzgerald Diet of domestic cats and their impact on prey populations , 1988 .

[42]  V. Campos,et al.  Trophic interactions between the native guanaco (Lama guanicoe) and the exotic donkey (Equus asinus) in the hyper-arid Monte desert (Ischigualasto Park, Argentina) , 2014 .

[43]  V. Prakasha,et al.  Catastrophic collapse of Indian white-backed Gyps bengalensis and long-billed Gyps indicus vulture populations , 2002 .

[44]  S. Harris,et al.  Turning the tide: The eradication of invasive species , 2002 .

[45]  C. Packer,et al.  A canine distemper virus epidemic in Serengeti lions (Panthera leo) , 1996, Nature.

[46]  David L. Bergman,et al.  Dogs Gone Wild: Feral Dog Damage in the United States , 2009 .

[47]  H. Barkema,et al.  Dogs as Sources and Sentinels of Parasites in Humans and Wildlife, Northern Canada , 2008, Emerging infectious diseases.

[48]  D. Richardson,et al.  Managing alien bird species: Time to move beyond “100 of the worst” lists? , 2015, Bird Conservation International.

[49]  J. E. Bowers Demographic patterns of Ferocactus cylindraceus in relation to substrate age and grazing history , 1997, Plant Ecology.

[50]  B. Tershy,et al.  Introduced rats indirectly change marine rocky intertidal communities from algae- to invertebrate-dominated , 2008, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[51]  M. K. Causey,et al.  Feral Dog and White-Tailed Deer Interactions in Alabama , 1980 .

[52]  D. B. Harris Review of negative effects of introduced rodents on small mammals on islands , 2009, Biological Invasions.

[53]  D. Eldridge,et al.  Vegetation changes associated with cattle (Bos taurus) and wombat (Vombatus ursinus) activity in a riparian forest , 2012 .

[54]  O. Hamann Vegetational changes in the Galápagos Islands during the period 1966–1973 , 1975 .

[55]  Wolfgang Nentwig,et al.  Framework and guidelines for implementing the proposed IUCN Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) , 2015 .

[56]  Julianne Kurdila The Introduction of Exotic Species Into the United States: There Goes the Neighborhood! , 1988 .

[57]  J. T. Toit,et al.  Diet of free‐ranging domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) in rural Zimbabwe: implications for wild scavengers on the periphery of wildlife reserves , 2002 .

[58]  T. Kitzberger,et al.  Ecological Impacts of Introduced Animals in Nahuel Huapi National Park, Argentina , 1992 .

[59]  Damien A. Fordham,et al.  Demographic response of snake-necked turtles correlates with indigenous harvest and feral pig predation in tropical northern Australia. , 2007, The Journal of animal ecology.

[60]  C. Donlan,et al.  The effect of feral cats on the population viability of black‐vented shearwaters (Puffinus opisthomelas) on Natividad Island, Mexico , 2002 .

[61]  C. Dye,et al.  Serological and demographic evidence for domestic dogs as a source of canine distemper virus infection for Serengeti wildlife. , 2000, Veterinary microbiology.

[62]  R. Aarde The diet and feeding behaviour of feral cats, Felis catus at Marion Island , 2008 .

[63]  B. Coblentz,et al.  Exotic Organisms: A Dilemma for Conservation Biology , 1990 .

[64]  K. Alexander,et al.  Rabies and African wild dogs in Kenya , 1995, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences.

[65]  Y. Carmel,et al.  Differential effects of goat browsing on herbaceous plant community in a two-phase mosaic , 2011, Plant Ecology.

[66]  E. Bork,et al.  Landscape-Scale Factors Affecting Feral Horse Habitat Use During Summer Within The Rocky Mountain Foothills , 2013, Environmental Management.

[67]  L. Poorter,et al.  Effects of exotic invasive trees on nitrogen cycling: a case study in Central Spain , 2009, Biological Invasions.

[68]  J. Sacks,et al.  Dog bite-related fatalities from 1979 through 1988. , 1989, JAMA.

[69]  R. Thorne A Flora of Santa Catalina Island, California , 1967 .

[70]  S. Chown,et al.  The extent and impacts of ungulate translocations : South Africa in a global context , 2009 .

[71]  Daniel Sol,et al.  TEASIng apart alien species risk assessments: a framework for best practices. , 2012, Ecology letters.

[72]  Wolfgang Nentwig,et al.  A Unified Classification of Alien Species Based on the Magnitude of their Environmental Impacts , 2014, PLoS biology.

[73]  David W. Macdonald,et al.  An integrated disease management strategy for the control of rabies in Ethiopian wolves , 2006 .

[74]  J. Herrick,et al.  Effects of feral horses in Great Basin landscapes on soils and ants: Direct and indirect mechanisms , 2006 .

[75]  K. Walls,et al.  An outbreak of toxoplasmosis linked to cats. , 1980, Pediatrics.

[76]  Lori Lach,et al.  ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH NON-INDIGENOUS SPECIES IN THE UNITED STATES , 1999 .

[77]  D. Macdonald,et al.  RABIES AND MORTALITY IN ETHIOPIAN WOLVES (CANIS SIMENSIS) , 1996, Journal of wildlife diseases.

[78]  J. K. Young,et al.  Mongolian Saiga in Sharga Nature Reserve: Are Domestic Dogs a Threat to Saiga? , 2009 .

[79]  L. Fowler Hatching Success and Nest Predation in the Green Sea Turtle, Chelonia Mydas, at Tortuguero, Costa Rica , 1979 .

[80]  R. H. Taylor HOW THE MACQUARIE ISLAND PARAKEET BECAME EXTINCT , 1979 .

[81]  Els Ducheyne,et al.  Harmonia+ and Pandora+: risk screening tools for potentially invasive plants, animals and their pathogens , 2015, Biological Invasions.

[82]  J. Crafford The Role of Feral House Mice in Ecosystem Functioning on Marion Island , 1990 .

[83]  S. Bratton The Effect of the European Wild Boar, Sus scrofa, on Gray Beech Forest in the Great Smoky Mountains , 1975 .

[84]  J. H. Roe,et al.  Emergence success of tortoise nests and the effect of feral burros on nest success on volcan Alcedo, Galapagos , 1984 .

[85]  G. R. Williams,et al.  A survey of the distribution, seasonal activity and roost sites of New Zealand bats , 1984 .

[86]  Dawn M. Kaufman,et al.  Abundance and Spatiotemporal Distribution of the Non-Native House Mouse in Native Tallgrass Prairie , 2011 .

[87]  E. Beever,et al.  Examining ecological consequences of feral horse grazing using exclosures. , 2000 .

[88]  W. Nentwig,et al.  Environmental and economic impact of alien terrestrial arthropods in Europe , 2014 .

[89]  S. Kitts-Morgan,et al.  Free-Ranging Farm Cats: Home Range Size and Predation on a Livestock Unit In Northwest Georgia , 2015, PloS one.

[90]  A. Jones,et al.  Introduced house mice as a conservation concern on Gough Island , 2003, Biodiversity & Conservation.

[91]  J. Innes,et al.  Successful recovery of North Island kokako Callaeas cinerea wilsoni populations, by adaptive management , 1999 .

[92]  E. Tollner,et al.  Animal trampling effects on soil physical properties of two Southeastern U.S. Ultisols. , 1990 .

[93]  B. Green,et al.  Estimated Impact of feral house mice on sub-Antarctic invertebrates at Marion Island , 1989, Polar Biology.

[94]  R. Warner RECENT HISTORY AND ECOLOGY OF THE LAYSAN DUCK , 1963 .

[95]  M. Holmgren Exotic Herbivores as Drivers of Plant Invasion and Switch to Ecosystem Alternative States , 2002, Biological Invasions.

[96]  S. Conant,et al.  Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. 1. A Worldwide Review of Effects of the Small Indian Mongoose, Herpestes javanicus (Carnivora: Herpestidae) , 2007 .

[97]  W. Leininger,et al.  Differences in riparian vegetation structure between grazed areas and exclosures. , 1990 .

[98]  C. Elton The Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants , 1960, Springer US.

[99]  C. Rupprecht,et al.  Rabies in Endangered Ethiopian Wolves , 2004, Emerging infectious diseases.

[100]  A. Jones,et al.  Terrestrial invertebrates of Gough Island : an assemblage under threat? , 2002 .

[101]  J. Malo,et al.  Low habitat overlap at landscape scale between wild camelids and feral donkeys in the Chilean desert , 2016 .

[102]  I. Vtorov Feral pig removal: effects on soil microarthropods in a Hawaiian rain forest , 1993 .

[103]  D. Strayer,et al.  Support for major hypotheses in invasion biology is uneven and declining , 2012 .

[104]  J. Maelfait,et al.  Conservation on Volcán Alcedo (Galápagos): terrestrial invertebrates and the impact of introduced feral goats , 1999 .

[105]  S. Davies,et al.  Impact assessment with different scoring tools: How well do alien amphibian assessments match? , 2017 .

[106]  M. E. Dulloo,et al.  Changes in the vegetation and reptile populations on Round Island, Mauritius, following eradication of rabbits , 1994 .

[107]  A. Kramer,et al.  Preliminary insights into the status of ground‐dwelling terrestrial arthropods at sites representing three riparian conditions , 2007 .

[108]  Rachel Petrik,et al.  Indirect Effects of Feral Horses on Estuarine Communities , 2002 .

[109]  J. Leathwick,et al.  The influence of browsing by introduced mammals on the decline of north island Kokako. , 1983 .

[110]  G. Witmer,et al.  The successful eradication of introduced roof rats (Rattus rattus) from Buck Island using diphacinone, followed by an irruption of house mice (Mus musculus) , 2007 .

[111]  James Malcolm,et al.  Disease as a threat to endangered species: Ethiopian wolves, domestic dogs and canine pathogens , 1998 .

[112]  R. D. Andrews,et al.  Domestic Animal Losses to Coyotes and Dogs in Iowa , 1978 .

[113]  J. Traba,et al.  Lack of feral livestock interference with native guanaco during the dry season in a South American desert , 2011, European Journal of Wildlife Research.

[114]  Luigi Boitani,et al.  Wolf and dog depredation on livestock in central Italy , 1998 .

[115]  L van Bommel,et al.  Guardian dogs for livestock and protection in Australia , 2013 .

[116]  O. Liberg Food Habits and Prey Impact by Feral and House-Based Domestic Cats in a Rural Area in Southern Sweden , 1984 .

[117]  G. Witmer,et al.  RAT MANAGEMENT FOR ENDANGERED SPECIES PROTECTION IN THE U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS , 1998 .

[118]  M. Laurenson,et al.  Aspects of rabies infection and control in the conservation of the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) in the Serengeti region, Tanzania. , 1993, The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research.

[119]  J. Marris The beetle (Coleoptera) fauna of the Antipodes Islands, with comments on the impact of mice; and an annotated checklist of the insect and arachnid fauna , 2000 .

[120]  E. Pozio Trichinellosis in the European union: epidemiology, ecology and economic impact. , 1998, Parasitology today.

[121]  Joanna Baker,et al.  The role of life history traits in mammalian invasion success , 2015, Ecology letters.

[122]  M. Turner Simulation and management implications of feral horse grazing on Cumberland Island, Georgia. , 1988 .

[123]  L. Nel,et al.  Molecular epidemiology of canid rabies in Zimbabwe and South Africa. , 2003, Virus research.

[124]  P. Scowcroft,et al.  Recovery of goat-damaged vegetation in an insular tropical montane forest , 1987 .

[125]  T. C. Whitmore,et al.  International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources , 1970, Nature.

[126]  J. Bielawski,et al.  Identification of domestic cattle hybrids in wild cattle and bison species: a general approach using mtDNA markers and the parametric bootstrap , 1999 .

[127]  S. Bertolino,et al.  CUMULATIVE IMPACT OF RATS AND COYPU ON NESTING WATERBIRDS: FIRST EVIDENCES FROM A SMALL MEDITERRANEAN WETLAND (CENTRAL ITALY) , 2012 .

[128]  Ganesan Karthikeyan,et al.  Spatial and dietary overlap between blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) and feral horse (Equus caballus) at Point Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary, Southern India: Competition between native versus introduced species , 2016 .

[129]  D. Vázquez Multiple Effects of Introduced Mammalian Herbivores in a Temperate Forest , 2002, Biological Invasions.

[130]  E. Green,et al.  Ecological and socioeconomic impacts of invasive alien species in island ecosystems , 2007, Environmental Conservation.

[131]  J. B. Calhoun Mortality and Movement of Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Artificially Supersaturated Populations , 1948 .

[132]  J. Travis,et al.  Declines in Ravine-inhabiting Dusky Salamanders of the Southeastern US Coastal Plain , 2007 .

[133]  M. Taborsky,et al.  KIWIS AND DOG PREDATION: OBSERVATIONS IN WAITANGI STATE FOREST , 2017 .

[134]  P. Woodall Distribution and Population Dynamics of Dingoes (Canis familiaris) and Feral Pigs (Sus scrofa) in Queensland, 1945-1976 , 1983 .

[135]  Y. Yom-Tov,et al.  Effect of guard dogs on the behavior and reproduction of gazelles in cattle enclosures on the Golan Heights , 2009 .

[136]  E. Bonnaud,et al.  Feeding Ecology of a Feral Cat Population on a Small Mediterranean Island , 2007 .

[137]  K. Ralls,et al.  Predation on San Joaquin Kit Foxes by Larger Canids , 1995 .

[138]  S. Hess,et al.  Videographic evidence of endangered species depredation by feral cat , 2012 .

[139]  M. Drever,et al.  Eradication of Norway Rats for Recovery of Seabird Habitat on Langara Island, British Columbia , 2000 .

[140]  P. Ryan,et al.  Can predation by invasive mice drive seabird extinctions? , 2007, Biology Letters.

[141]  A. Bizri,et al.  Human rabies in Lebanon: lessons for control , 2000, Epidemiology and Infection.

[142]  S. Teutsch,et al.  Epidemic toxoplasmosis associated with infected cats. , 1979, The New England journal of medicine.

[143]  J. Parkes Feral goats on Raoul Island. II. Diet and notes on the flora , 1984 .

[144]  D. Pimentel,et al.  Update on the environmental and economic costs associated with alien-invasive species in the United States , 2005 .

[145]  D. Haydon,et al.  Integrating Epidemiology into Population Viability Analysis: Managing the Risk Posed by Rabies and Canine Distemper to the Ethiopian Wolf , 2002 .

[146]  D. Lipscomb Impacts of Feral Hogs on Longleaf Pine Regeneration , 1989 .

[147]  M. Vilà,et al.  Scoring environmental and socioeconomic impacts of alien plants invasive in Europe , 2016, Biological Invasions.

[148]  W. E. Pinchak,et al.  Wildlife Damage Management , Internet Center for April 1995 FERAL HOGS IN THE ROLLING PLAINS OF TEXAS : PERSPECTIVES , PROBLEMS , AND POTENTIAL , 2017 .

[149]  R. Rudd,et al.  Feral Dogs of the Galapágos Islands: Impact and Control , 1983 .

[150]  W. W. Jones,et al.  Wildlife management. , 2009, The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne.

[151]  P. Banks,et al.  Do wild dogs exclude foxes? Evidence for competition from dietary and spatial overlaps , 2005 .

[152]  C. Scholtz,et al.  Quantitative differences between the insect faunas of sub-antarctic Marion and Prince Edward islands: A result of human intervention? , 1987 .

[153]  H. Snell,et al.  Variation among populations of Galapagos land iguanas (Conolophus): contrasts of phylogeny and ecology , 1984 .

[154]  H. Werff Effects of feral pigs and donkeys on the distribution ofselected food plants , 1982 .

[155]  C. R. Veitch,et al.  The cats of Herekopare Island, New Zealand; their history, ecology and affects on birdlife , 1985 .

[156]  I. Kögel‐Knabner,et al.  Grazing effects on soil chemical and physical properties in a semiarid steppe of Inner Mongolia (P.R. China) , 2008 .

[157]  A. Carter,et al.  Congenital toxoplasmosis: epidemiologic features and control. , 1986, CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne.

[158]  P. Geraldes,et al.  Successful eradication of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and house mouse (Mus musculus) from the island of Selvagem Grande (Macaronesian archipelago), in the Eastern Atlantic. , 2010, Integrative zoology.

[159]  E. Ahmad,et al.  Losses of stored foods due to rats at grain markets in Pakistan , 1995 .

[160]  H. Sakai,et al.  Impact of feral herbivores on mamane forests of Mauna Kea, Hawaii: bark stripping and diameter class structure. , 1983 .

[161]  Fabian M Jaksic,et al.  Why are native herbs in the Chilean matorral more abundant beneath bushes: microclimate or grazing? , 1980 .

[162]  S. Davies,et al.  A global assessment of alien amphibian impacts in a formal framework , 2016 .

[163]  S. Chown,et al.  Climate change and the short-term impact of feral house mice at the sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands , 1993, Oecologia.

[164]  S. Goyal,et al.  Antibodies against canine parvovirus in wolves of Minnesota: a serologic study from 1975 through 1985. , 1986, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

[165]  Jeremy Russell-Smith,et al.  Conservation of monsoon rainforest isolates in the Northern Territory, Australia , 1992 .

[166]  J. Berger,et al.  Is Wildlife Going to the Dogs? Impacts of Feral and Free-Roaming Dogs on Wildlife Populations , 2011 .

[167]  Petr Pyšek,et al.  Invasive Species, Environmental Change and Management, and Health , 2010 .

[168]  S. Patch,et al.  Description of Rich Montane Seeps and Effects of Wild Pigs on the Plant and Salamander Assemblages , 2016 .

[169]  M. Thaker,et al.  Experimental examination of behavioural interactions between free-ranging wild and domestic canids , 2009, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology.

[170]  G. Wallace,et al.  IMPACTS of FERAL and FREE-RANGING CATS on Bird Species of Conservation Concern , 2006 .

[171]  D. Eldridge,et al.  Surface destabilisation by the invasive burrowing engineer Mus musculus on a sub-Antarctic island , 2014 .

[172]  G. Copson The Diet of the Introduced Rodents Mus-Musculus L and Rattus-Rattus L on Sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island , 1986 .

[173]  G. Sugihara,et al.  Rabbits killing birds: modelling the hyperpredation process , 2000 .

[174]  D. Pietri The search for ecological indicators: is it possible to biomonitor forest system degradation caused by cattle ranching activities in Argentina? , 1992, Vegetatio.

[175]  Richard G. Hamrick,et al.  Feral donkey Equus asinus populations on the Karpaz peninsula, Cyprus , 2005, European Journal of Wildlife Research.

[176]  S. Zalba,et al.  The impact of feral horses on grassland bird communities in Argentina , 2004 .

[177]  Fabian M Jaksic Vertebrate invaders and their ecological impacts in Chile , 1998, Biodiversity & Conservation.

[178]  R. Wayne,et al.  Hybridization between Wolves and Dogs , 1999 .

[179]  N. Leader‐Williams,et al.  Patterns and perceptions of wildlife crop raiding in and around Kerinci Seblat National Park, Sumatra , 2007 .

[180]  D. Clark Foraging Patterns of Black Rats across a Desert-Montane Forest Gradient in the Galapagos Islands , 1981 .

[181]  B. Vilá,et al.  Interaction between wild camelids and livestock in an Andean semi-desert , 2008 .

[182]  D. Richardson,et al.  Socio‐economic impact classification of alien taxa (SEICAT) , 2018 .

[183]  G. W. Wood,et al.  Ecological Importance of Feral Ungulates at Shackleford Banks, North Carolina , 1987 .

[184]  P. Conrad,et al.  Cats and Toxoplasma: Implications for Public Health , 2010, Zoonoses and public health.

[185]  J. Dubey,et al.  FATAL TOXOPLASMOSIS IN FREE-RANGING ENDANGERED ‘ALALA FROM HAWAII , 2000, Journal of wildlife diseases.

[186]  G. Witmer,et al.  Leptospirosis in the Azores: the Rodent Connection , 2004 .

[187]  D. Swerdlow,et al.  Rocky Mountain spotted fever from an unexpected tick vector in Arizona. , 2005, The New England journal of medicine.

[188]  J. Traba,et al.  Feral livestock threatens landscapes dominated by columnar cacti , 2011 .

[189]  G. W. Wood,et al.  Food habits of feral hogs in coastal South Carolina. , 1980 .

[190]  P. Ryan,et al.  Changes in population size, habitat use and breedingbiology of lesser sheathbills (Chionis minor) at Marion Island: impacts of cats, mice and climate change? , 2000 .

[191]  V. Bretagnolle,et al.  Improving the breeding success of a colonial seabird: a cost-benefit comparison of the eradication and control of its rat predator , 2008 .

[192]  M. McGeoch,et al.  Alien species in South Africa’s national parks , 2011 .

[193]  M. Vilà,et al.  How well do we understand the impacts of alien species on ecosystem services? A pan-European, cross-taxa assessment , 2010 .

[194]  S. Zalba,et al.  Continuous feral horse grazing and grazing exclusion in mountain pampean grasslands in Argentina , 2010 .

[195]  E. Siemann,et al.  Experimental test of the impacts of feral hogs on forest dynamics and processes in the southeastern US , 2009 .

[196]  D. Saltz,et al.  The impact of free-roaming dogs on gazelle kid/female ratio in a fragmented area , 2004 .

[197]  M. Day,et al.  Five years of conserving the ‘world's rarest snake’, the Antiguan racer Alsophis antiguae , 2001, Oryx.

[198]  P. Hockey,et al.  The success of a soft-release reintroduction of the flightless Aldabra rail (Dryolimnas (cuvieri) aldabranus) on Aldabra Atoll, Seychelles , 2002 .

[199]  Jan Pergl,et al.  Geographical and taxonomic biases in invasion ecology. , 2008, Trends in ecology & evolution.

[200]  R. Corrigan,et al.  The house mouse in poultry operations: pest significance and a novel baiting strategy for its control , 1986 .

[201]  R. Ojeda,et al.  Dispersal and germination ofProsopis flexuosa(Fabaceae) seeds by desert mammals in Argentina , 1997 .

[202]  J. Parkes Feral goat control in New Zealand , 1990 .

[203]  S. Hall,et al.  Feral cattle of Swona, Orkney Islands , 1986 .

[204]  A. Vanak,et al.  Dogs Canis familiaris as carnivores: their role and function in intraguild competition , 2009 .

[205]  Wolfgang Nentwig,et al.  Assessing the assessments: evaluation of four impact assessment protocols for invasive alien species , 2017 .

[206]  Wolfgang Nentwig,et al.  A Generic Impact‐Scoring System Applied to Alien Mammals in Europe , 2010, Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology.

[207]  P. Vernon,et al.  Diet of the house mouse (Mus musculus) on Guillou Island, Kerguelen archipelago, Subantarctic , 2001, Polar Biology.

[208]  J. Villa,et al.  The Galápagos giant tortoises (Geochelone elephantopus) Part I: Status of the surviving populations☆ , 1974 .

[209]  Robert M. Timm,et al.  Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage , 1985 .

[210]  W. J. Freeland,et al.  Determinants of Herbivore Carrying Capacity: Plants, Nutrients, and Equus Asinus in Northern Australia , 1990 .

[211]  Arko Lucieer,et al.  Indirect effects of invasive species removal devastate World Heritage Island , 2009 .

[212]  Crystal L. Fortwangler A Place for the Donkey: Natives and Aliens in the US Virgin Islands , 2009 .

[213]  L. Santamaría,et al.  Combined impact of multiple exotic herbivores on different life stages of an endangered plant endemism, Medicago citrina , 2013 .

[214]  Petr Pyšek,et al.  A proposed unified framework for biological invasions. , 2011, Trends in ecology & evolution.

[215]  Jason P. Marshal,et al.  Overlap in Diet and Habitat Between the Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and Feral Ass (Equus asinus) in the Sonoran Desert , 2012 .

[216]  D. Steadman Prehistoric Extinctions of Pacific Island Birds: Biodiversity Meets Zooarchaeology , 1995, Science.

[217]  E. Murphy,et al.  The impact of predation by introduced mammals on endemic shorebirds in New Zealand: a conservation perspective , 2001 .

[218]  S. J. Moore,et al.  Nursery practices influence comparative damage to juvenile blue gum by wallabies (Wallabia bicolor) and European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) , 1998 .

[219]  J. Gilchrist,et al.  Epidemiology of Non-Canine Bite and Sting Injuries Treated in U.S. Emergency Departments, 2001–2004 , 2007, Public health reports.

[220]  M. Santos‐Reis,et al.  First epidemiological data on pathogenic leptospires isolated on the Azorean islands , 1997, European Journal of Epidemiology.

[221]  D. Pimentel,et al.  Economic and environmental threats of alien plant, animal, and microbe invasions , 2001 .

[222]  M. Eidson,et al.  Terrestrial Rabies and Human Postexposure Prophylaxis , 2010 .

[223]  J. Iverson,et al.  The impact of feral cats and dogs on populations of the West Indian rock iguana, Cyclura carinata , 1978 .

[224]  G. Pons,et al.  Predicting rat presence on small islands , 2001 .

[225]  A. Osterhaus,et al.  Characterisation of morbilliviruses isolated from Lake Baikal seals (Phoca sibirica). , 1995, Veterinary microbiology.

[226]  J. Holechek,et al.  DIETS OF NATIVE AND NON-NATIVE UNGULATES IN SOUTHCENTRAL NEW MEXICO , 1998 .

[227]  D. M. Moore,et al.  The effects of rabbit grazing on the grasslands of Macquarie Island. , 1960 .

[228]  T. McKnight The Feral Burro in the United States: Distribution and Problems , 1958 .

[229]  Mark K. Johnson,et al.  Diets of giant tortoises and feral burros on volcan Alcedo, Galapagos , 1985 .

[230]  G. N. Sidorov,et al.  The house mouse (Mus musculus L.) in Omsk educational institutions: Seasonal migration, abundance, reproduction, distribution, foraging, and associated damage , 2010, Contemporary Problems of Ecology.

[231]  D. Simberloff,et al.  A pleasing consequence of Norway rat eradication: two shrew species recover , 2005 .

[232]  Christopher A. Lepczyk,et al.  Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. 9. Capra hircus, the Feral Goat (Mammalia: Bovidae)1 , 2013 .

[233]  D. Moro Evaluation and cost-benefits of controlling house mice (Mus domesticus) on islands: an example from Thevenard Island, Western Australia , 2001 .

[234]  Marissa Martinez Hampton Congenital Toxoplasmosis: A Review , 2015, Neonatal Network.

[235]  M. McKenzie,et al.  HELMINTH PARASITES OF INTERMINGLING AXIS DEER, WILD SWINE AND DOMESTIC CATTLE FROM THE ISLAND OF MOLOKAI, HAWAII , 1989, Journal of wildlife diseases.

[236]  J. Sacks,et al.  Dog bites: how big a problem? , 1996, Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention.

[237]  G. Genaro,et al.  Domestic cat predation on Neotropical species in an insular Atlantic Forest remnant in southeastern Brazil , 2014 .

[238]  D. V. Van Vuren,et al.  Wild Pigs as Predators in Oak Woodlands of California , 2009 .

[239]  P. Finnegan,et al.  Eradicating feral pigs in montane mesic habitat at Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. , 1993 .

[240]  S. Kumschick,et al.  Some alien birds have as severe an impact as the most effectual alien mammals in Europe. , 2010 .

[241]  M. Gillham Some Interactions of Plants, Rabbits and Sea-birds on South African Islands , 1963 .

[242]  Differences in susceptibility to predation during nesting between pied and black stilts (Himantopus spp.) , 1986 .

[243]  Wolfgang Nentwig,et al.  The generic impact scoring system (GISS): a standardized tool to quantify the impacts of alien species , 2016, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment.

[244]  Fabian M Jaksic,et al.  European rabbits versus native rodents in Central Chile: effects on shrub seedlings , 1983, Oecologia.

[245]  Jason P. Marshal,et al.  Evidence for interspecific competition between feral ass Equus asinus and mountain sheep Ovis canadensis in a desert environment , 2008 .

[246]  V. Lucchini,et al.  Detecting rare introgression of domestic dog genes into wild wolf (Canis lupus) populations by Bayesian admixture analyses of microsatellite variation , 2002, Conservation Genetics.

[247]  Wayne T. Swank,et al.  Effects of wild pig rooting in a deciduous forest , 1984 .

[248]  C. F. Estades,et al.  Is human disturbance causing differential preference of agricultural landscapes by taruka and feral donkeys in high Andean deserts during the dry season , 2016 .

[249]  Tiziana Lembo,et al.  Exploring reservoir dynamics: a case study of rabies in the Serengeti ecosystem. , 2008, The Journal of applied ecology.

[250]  J. Thibault EFFECT OF PREDATION BY THE BLACK RAT RATTUS RATTUS ON THE BREEDING SUCCESS OF CORY'S SHEARWATER CALONECTRIS DIOMEDEA IN CORSICA , 1995 .

[251]  W. Grant,et al.  Population dynamics of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in north eastern Australia: Simulated responses to control , 2006 .

[252]  H. Brunner,et al.  Food habits of the feral house cat in Victoria. , 1972 .

[253]  B. Cooke,et al.  Density-dependent grazing impacts of introduced European rabbits and sympatric kangaroos on Australian native pastures , 2016, Biological Invasions.

[254]  P. Pinet,et al.  Feral cat diet and impact on sooty terns at Juan de Nova Island, Mozambique Channel , 2008 .

[255]  B. Maxwell,et al.  Relative Effects of Human and Feral Hog Disturbance on a Wet Forest in Hawaii , 1984 .

[256]  Andrea Wilson,et al.  Eradication of the House Mouse (Mus musculus) from Montague Island, New South Wales, Australia , 2011 .

[257]  Ç. Şekercioğlu,et al.  Determinants of data deficiency in the impacts of alien bird species , 2017 .

[258]  M. Vilà,et al.  More than “100 worst” alien species in Europe , 2018, Biological Invasions.

[259]  D. Macdonald,et al.  Interference competition between introduced black rats and endemic Galápagos rice rats. , 2007, Ecology.

[260]  M. Bester,et al.  Mass Mortality of Adult Male Subantarctic Fur Seals: Are Alien Mice the Culprits? , 2008, PloS one.

[261]  J. W. Waggoner,et al.  Cattle grazing behavior on a foothill elk winter range in southeastern Wyoming. , 1991 .

[262]  G. Pons,et al.  Diversity in western Mediterranean islets: effects of rat presence on a beetle guild , 1996 .

[263]  T. Schwan,et al.  Relapsing fever in the US Virgin Islands: a previously unrecognized focus of infection. , 1991, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[264]  G. Tosi,et al.  Genetic variability and conservation problems in Alpine ibex, domestic and feral goat populations (genus Capra) , 1990 .

[265]  C. Dickman OVERVIEW OF THE IMPACTS OF FERAL CATS ON AUSTRALIAN NATIVE FAUNA , 1996 .

[266]  Fabian M Jaksic,et al.  Invaders Without Frontiers: Cross-border Invasions of Exotic Mammals , 2002, Biological Invasions.

[267]  D. Donahue,et al.  Chronology of Holocene vertebrate extinction in the Galápagos Islands , 1991, Quaternary Research.

[268]  C. N. Challies Feral pigs (Sus scrofa) on Auckland Island: Status, and effects on vegetation and nesting sea birds , 1975 .

[269]  H. Snell,et al.  Prey Selection by Feral Dogs from a Population of Marine Iguanas (Amblyrhynchus Cristatus) , 1981 .

[270]  J. Vigne,et al.  Small Mammal Fossil Assemblages as Indicators of Environmental Change in Northern Corsica during the Last 2500 Years , 1996 .

[271]  S. Chown,et al.  Non-indigenous ungulates as a threat to biodiversity , 2009 .

[272]  Diego P. Vázquez,et al.  Interactions among Introduced Ungulates, Plants, and Pollinators: A Field Study in the Temperate Forest of the Southern Andes , 2002 .

[273]  J. Fernández-Palacios,et al.  Strong negative effect of alien herbivores on endemic legumes of the Canary pine forest. , 2010 .

[274]  Gregg Howald,et al.  Invasive Rodent Eradication on Islands , 2007, Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology.

[275]  B. Karl,et al.  Foods of feral house cats (Felis catus L.) in forest of the Orongorongo Valley, Wellington , 1979 .

[276]  J. A. Sealander,et al.  Changing Food Habits of Wild Canis in Arkansas with Emphasis on Coyote Hybrids and Feral Dogs , 1976 .

[277]  G. Hilton,et al.  Introduced house mice Mus musculus: a significant predator of threatened and endemic birds on Gough Island, South Atlantic Ocean? , 2004 .

[278]  F. Courchamp,et al.  Mammal invaders on islands: impact, control and control impact , 2003, Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society.

[279]  R. Dowler,et al.  Rediscovery of rodents (Genus Nesoryzomys) considered extinct in the Galápagos Islands , 2000, Oryx.

[280]  B. Patrick Antipodes Island Lepidoptera , 1994 .

[281]  R. Ojeda,et al.  The exotic mammals of Argentina , 2008, Biological Invasions.

[282]  J. Bingham,et al.  The epidemiology of rabies in Zimbabwe. 2. Rabies in jackals (Canis adustus and Canis mesomelas). , 1999, The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research.

[283]  M. Eidson,et al.  Terrestrial Rabies and Human Postexposure Prophylaxis, New York, USA , 2010, Emerging infectious diseases.

[284]  R. Cuthbert,et al.  Impact of introduced house mice (Mus musculus) on burrowing seabirds on Steeple Jason and Grand Jason Islands, Falklands, South Atlantic , 2014, Polar Biology.

[285]  G. Copson,et al.  Response of Vegetation on Subantarctic Macquarie Island to Reduced Rabbit Grazing , 1998 .

[286]  P. Gogan,et al.  Removing Feral Pigs from Annadel State Park , 1988 .

[287]  Karl J. Campbell,et al.  Feral Goat Eradications on Islands , 2005 .

[288]  N. J. Wilgen Alien & Invasive Animals: A South African Perspective , 2012 .

[289]  B. Coblentz,et al.  The effects of feral goats (Capra hircus) on island ecosystems , 1978 .

[290]  E. Ostrander,et al.  Molecular genetics of the most endangered canid: the Ethiopian wolf Canis simensis , 1994, Molecular ecology.

[291]  C. Donlan,et al.  Feral donkey (Equus asinus) eradications in the Galápagos , 2007, Biodiversity and Conservation.

[292]  R. Wheeler,et al.  Eradication of European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) from Cabbage Tree Island, NSW, Australia, to protect the breeding habitat of Gould's petrel (Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera) , 2000 .

[293]  Anwar Ghani,et al.  INTRODUCED BROWSING MAMMALS IN NEW ZEALAND NATURAL FORESTS: ABOVEGROUND AND BELOWGROUND CONSEQUENCES , 2001 .

[294]  J. Jeschke Across islands and continents, mammals are more successful invaders than birds , 2008 .

[295]  R. Hudson,et al.  Range relationships of feral horses with wild ungulates and cattle in western Alberta. , 1980 .

[296]  S. Cleaveland The epidemiology of rabies and canine distemper in the Serengeti, Tanzania , 1996 .