Ultrasonography and Italian anesthesiology: a national cross-sectional study

AbstractPurposeIn recent years, ultrasound has seen a rapid development with numerous applications in anesthesia, intensive-care medicine, and pain medicine, increasing efficacy and safety of procedures. We investigated the prevalence of ultrasound use among Italian anesthetists.MethodsA cross-sectional prevalence study was carried out on a sample of 735 anesthetists. The research was conducted during the ultrasound training in anesthesia and intensive care, in the Italian Associazione Anestesisti Rianimatori Ospedalieri – Emergenza Area Critica “SimuLearn®” training centre (Bologna, Italy).ResultsThe overall prevalence of a dedicated ultrasound devices in the operating room was 70% [95% CI 66–73%], while 74% [95% CI 69–78%] in northern Italy, 61% [95% CI 52–68%] in southern Italy, and 70% [95% CI 63–77%] in central Italy, indicating a significant difference between the north and south of Italy. The prevalence of regular use of ultrasound was high for regional anesthesia and for central venous cannulation [82–95% CI 79–85%] and low for pain therapy procedures [7–95% CI 6–10%]. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the presence of a dedicated ultrasound device and high expertise were factors associated with routine use of ultrasound for regional anesthesia in upper and lower limb blocks and in vascular access.ConclusionThe appropriate training in the use of ultrasound in anesthesia, intensive-care medicine, and pain therapy should be implemented in south of Italy to make uniform the widespread of ultrasonography in anesthesia, in all Italian regions.SOMMARIOIntroduzioneNegli ultimi anni l’ecografia ha visto un rapido sviluppo con numerose applicazioni in anestesia, terapia intensiva e del dolore, con aumento dell’efficacia e della sicurezza delle procedure. Abbiamo studiato la prevalenza dell’uso dell’ecografo tra gli anestesisti italiani. MetodiE’ stato condotto uno studio di prevalenza “cross-sectional” su un campione di 735 anestesisti. La ricerca è stata condotta durante i corsi di ecografia in anestesia e terapia intensiva, presso il centro di formazione “SimuLearn®” (Bologna, Italia) dell’Associazione Italiana Anestesisti Rianimatori Ospedalieri - Emergenza Area Critica.RisultatiLa prevalenza complessiva di un ecografo dedicato in sala operatoria era del 70% [IC 95%: 66% -73%]; nel Nord Italia la prevalenza era del 74% [IC 95%: 69% -78%], mentre era del 61% [CI 95%: 52% -68%] nell’Italia meridionale e del 70% [IC 95%: 63% -77%] nell’Italia centrale, indicando una differenza significativa tra il nord e il sud del paese. Per l’anestesia regionale e il posizionamento di un accesso venoso centrale la prevalenza dell’uso regolare degli ultrasuoni era alta [82% -95% IC: 79% -85%], mentre era bassa per le procedure di terapia del dolore [7% -95% IC: 6% -10%]. L’analisi logistica multivariata ha mostrato che la presenza di un dispositivo ecografico dedicato e di un’elevata esperienza erano fattori associati all’uso di routine degli ultrasuoni per l’anestesia regionale nei blocchi degli arti superiori e inferiori e nell’accesso vascolare.ConclusioneLa formazione appropriata sull’uso degli ultrasuoni in anestesia, medicina intensiva e terapia del dolore, dovrebbe essere implementata al fine uniformare la diffusione dell’ecografia in anestesia, in tutte le regioni italiane.

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