Information hiding technology and application analysis based on decimal expansion of irrational numbers

In this paper, an information hiding method using decimal expansion of irrational numbers to generate random phase mask is proposed. Firstly, the decimal expansion parts of irrational numbers generate pseudo-random sequences using a new coding schemed, the irrational number and start and end bit numbers were used as keys in image information hiding. Secondly, we apply the coding schemed to the double phase encoding system, the pseudo-random sequences are taken to generate random phase masks. The mean square error is used to calculate the quality of the recovered image information. Finally, two tests had been carried out to verify the security of our method; the experimental results demonstrate that the cipher image has such features, strong robustness, key sensitivity, and resistance to brute force attack.

[1]  Bahram Javidi,et al.  Double-random-phase encryption with photon counting for image authentication using only the amplitude of the encrypted image. , 2016, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[2]  Lihua Gong,et al.  Quantum image encryption based on generalized Arnold transform and double random-phase encoding , 2015, Quantum Information Processing.

[3]  Bahram Javidi,et al.  Avalanche and bit independence characteristics of double random phase encoding in the Fourier and Fresnel domains. , 2014, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[4]  Qiong Gong,et al.  Image encoding and watermarking in the double random phase encoding scheme with sparse representation strategy , 2015 .

[5]  Yen-Ping Chu,et al.  A Novel Image Data Hiding Scheme with Diamond Encoding , 2009, EURASIP J. Inf. Secur..

[6]  John T. Sheridan,et al.  Robustness of Double Random Phase Encoding spread-space spread-spectrum watermarking technique , 2015, Signal Process..

[7]  Di Xiao,et al.  Vulnerability to chosen-plaintext attack of a general optical encryption model with the architecture of scrambling-then-double random phase encoding. , 2013, Optics letters.

[8]  S. Som,et al.  A Non-adaptive Partial Encryption of Grayscale Images based on Chaos , 2013 .

[9]  Lei Shu,et al.  Chaotic direct-sequence spread-spectrum with variable symbol period: A technique for enhancing physical layer security , 2016, Comput. Networks.

[10]  M. Voskoglou An Application of the APOS/ACE Approach in Teaching the Irrational Numbers , 2013 .

[11]  Iqtadar Hussain,et al.  A technique for digital steganography using chaotic maps , 2014 .

[12]  Jing Zhang,et al.  Optical image cryptosystem using chaotic phase-amplitude masks encoding and least-data-driven decryption by compressive sensing , 2015 .

[13]  B Javidi,et al.  Optical image encryption based on input plane and Fourier plane random encoding. , 1995, Optics letters.

[14]  Ajay Somkuwar,et al.  Image denoising and quality measurements by using filtering and wavelet based techniques , 2014 .

[15]  Y. Mu,et al.  Optical Image Encryption Based on Chaotic Baker Map and Double Random Phase Encoding , 2013, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[16]  G. Unnikrishnan,et al.  Optical encryption by double-random phase encoding in the fractional Fourier domain. , 2000, Optics letters.

[17]  Kazuya Nakano,et al.  Encrypted imaging based on algebraic implementation of double random phase encoding. , 2014, Applied optics.

[18]  Xiaofeng Liao,et al.  Selective encryption for gray images based on chaos and DNA complementary rules , 2014, Multimedia Tools and Applications.