Source Term Modelling of Vane-Type Vortex Generators under Adverse Pressure Gradient in OpenFOAM

An analysis of the generation of vortices and their effects by vane-type vortex generators (VGs) positioned on a three-dimensional flat plate with a backward-facing ramp and adverse gradient pressure is carried out. The effects of a conventional vortex generator and a sub-boundary layer vortex generator are implemented by using a source term in the corresponding Navier-Stokes equations of momentum and energy according to the so-called jBAY Source Term Model. The influence of the vortex generator onto the computational domain flow is modelled through this source term in the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations using the open-source code OpenFOAM. The Source Term Model seems to simulate relatively well the streamwise pressure coefficient distributions all along the flat plate floor as well as certain parameters studied for vortex characterization such as vortex path, decay and size for the two vane-type vortex generators of different heights studied. Consequently, the implementation of the Source Term Model represents an advantage over a fully Mesh-Resolved Vortex Generator Model for certain applications as a result of a meaningful decrease in the cell number of the computational domain which implies saving computational time and resources.

[1]  Ehab Fares,et al.  Fully-Resolved Lattice-Boltzmann Simulation of Vane-Type Vortex Generators , 2014 .

[2]  Julianne C. Dudek,et al.  Modeling Vortex Generators in a Navier-Stokes Code , 2011 .

[3]  Spyros G. Voutsinas,et al.  Experimental benchmark and code validation for airfoils equipped with passive vortex generators , 2016 .

[4]  Clara Marika Velte,et al.  Investigation of flow behind vortex generators by stereo particle image velocimetry on a thick airfoil near stall , 2013 .

[5]  Oscar Barambones,et al.  Computational Modelling of Rectangular Sub-Boundary Layer Vortex Generators , 2018 .

[6]  Ekaitz Zulueta,et al.  Parametric study of low-profile vortex generators , 2017 .

[7]  Lipeng Lu,et al.  Effect of Slot at Blade Root on Compressor Cascade Performance under Different Aerodynamic Parameters , 2016 .

[8]  Ekaitz Zulueta,et al.  Flow Control Devices for Wind Turbines , 2017 .

[9]  F. Menter.  ZONAL TWO EQUATION k-w TURBULENCE MODELS FOR AERODYNAMIC FLOWS , 1993 .

[10]  G. M. Gregorek,et al.  Experimental Study of Airfoil Performance with Vortex Generators , 1987 .

[11]  Yongqian Liu,et al.  Effects of vortex generators on a blunt trailing-edge airfoil for wind turbines , 2015 .

[12]  U. Fernández-Gámiz,et al.  Computational study of the vortex path variation with the VG height , 2014 .

[13]  Stephen K. Robinson,et al.  Separation control on high-lift airfoils via micro-vortex generators , 1994 .

[14]  George N. Barakos,et al.  A framework for CFD analysis of helicopter rotors in hover and forward flight , 2006 .

[15]  J. Lin,et al.  Small submerged vortex generators for turbulent flow separation control , 1990 .

[16]  Steven J. Hulshoff,et al.  Adjoint-based optimization of a source-term representation of vortex generators , 2018 .

[17]  L. Richardson,et al.  The Deferred Approach to the Limit. Part I. Single Lattice. Part II. Interpenetrating Lattices , 1927 .

[18]  Adam Jirasek,et al.  Vortex-Generator Model and Its Application to Flow Control , 2004 .

[19]  John Lin.  Control of turbulent boundary-layer separation using micro-vortex generators , 1999 .

[20]  Michel Stanislas,et al.  Control of a decelerating boundary layer. Part 1: Optimization of passive vortex generators , 2006 .

[21]  Niels N. Sørensen,et al.  Prediction of the Effect of Vortex Generators on Airfoil Performance , 2014 .

[22]  William Murphy,et al.  The application of sub-boundary layer vortex generators to reduce canopy 'Mach rumble' interior noise on the Gulfstream III , 1987 .

[23]  Arnold M. Kuethe,et al.  Effect of Streamwise Vortices on Wake Properties Associated with Sound Generation , 1972 .

[24]  Clara Marika Velte,et al.  Helical structure of longitudinal vortices embedded in turbulent wall-bounded flow , 2009, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[25]  Ekaitz Zulueta,et al.  Computational Modelling of Three Different Sub-Boundary Layer Vortex Generators on a Flat Plate , 2018 .

[26]  Ekaitz Zulueta,et al.  Computational characterization of the vortex generated by a Vortex Generator on a flat plate for different vane angles , 2017 .

[27]  Eduard Egusquiza,et al.  Testing of self-similarity and helical symmetry in vortex generator flow simulations , 2016 .

[28]  Robert King,et al.  Robust control of separated shear flows in simulation and experiment , 2005 .

[29]  G. B. Schubauer,et al.  Forced mixing in boundary layers , 1960, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[30]  John C. Lin,et al.  Review of research on low-profile vortex generators to control boundary-layer separation , 2002 .

[31]  Scott J. Johnson,et al.  An overview of active load control techniques for wind turbines with an emphasis on microtabs , 2010 .