On the Functional Determination of Lexical Categories

Nous presentons d’abord des donnees de l’anglais et du st’at’imcets (famille salish) qui nous amenent a conclure que les racines doivent etre specifiees pour la valeur de leur categorie lexicale, et ceci independamment du contexte syntaxique ou elles se trouvent. Puis nous examinons la variation parametrique entre les systemes categoriels de l’anglais et du st’at’imcets. En anglais, il y a une correlation entre la categorie fonctionnelle D (determinant) et la presence de N, alors qu'en st’at’imcets il y a une correlation entre D et le statut argumental d’une expression. Nous proposons que la difference principale se situe dans la nature meme des noms. Dans les langues salish, tous les noms sont comptables et donc denotent des ensembles d’individus precis. Par contre, en anglais, tous les noms sont non comptables et sont individualises a l’aide de la categorie fonctionnelle Num (nombre).

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