Games decision makers play

This piece focuses on the microprocesses of decisions. It distills the complex cognitive processes inherent in decision making into pragmatic utility by articulating several “games”. These games, as they are described in the article, routinely undermine the best‐intentioned proposals, initiatives, strategies and good ideas as they are played in ways that elude most participants. The cognitive decision processes (dubbed “games” here) are described as: Framing; Criteria setting; Misuse of analogy; Misuse of rationality; and Commitment building. The key purpose of the article is to distill complex processes into manageable dialect to improve awareness. Argues that awareness and understanding of these processes is essential to achieve influence in decision making, to avoid the pitfalls of fuzzy choice, and to promote mastery over the decision‐making process.

[1]  James D. Westphal,et al.  Who Shall Succeed? How CEO/Board Preferences and Power Affect the Choice of New CEOs , 1996 .

[2]  Charles A. O'Reilly,et al.  The commitment and job tenure of new employees: Some evidence of postdecisional justification. , 1981 .

[3]  J. Pfeffer,et al.  The Effect of the Proportion of Women on Salaries: The Case of College Administrators. , 1987 .

[4]  J. Pfeffer,et al.  The Power and the Glory@@@Managing with Power: Politics and Influence in Organizations. , 1992 .

[5]  J. Pfeffer,et al.  Organizational Decision Making as a Political Process: The Case of a UniversityBudget. , 1974 .

[6]  Bruce A. Pasternack,et al.  The CENTERLESS CORPORATION: A NEW MODEL FOR TRANSFORMING YOUR ORGANIZATION FOR GROWTH AND PROSPERITY , 1998 .

[7]  A Campbell,et al.  What's wrong with strategy? , 1997, Harvard business review.

[8]  W. Powell,et al.  The iron cage revisited institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields , 1983 .

[9]  Barry M. Staw,et al.  Knee-deep in the Big Muddy: A study of escalating commitment to a chosen course of action. , 1976 .

[10]  Rosabeth Moss Kanter,et al.  When Giants Learn to Dance , 1989 .

[11]  H. Wayne Dick,et al.  INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE DAY RELIEF TEXTILE MACHINE OPERATOR , 1980 .

[12]  Michael A. Hitt,et al.  Current and Future Research Methods in Strategic Management , 1998 .

[13]  R. Cialdini Influence: Science and Practice , 1984 .

[14]  Barry M. Staw,et al.  Commitment to a Policy Decision: A Multi-Theoretical Perspective. , 1978 .

[15]  Z. Shapira Risk Taking: A Managerial Perspective , 1995 .

[16]  Ernest R. May,et al.  Thinking in Time: The Uses of History for Decision-Makers , 1987 .

[17]  James G. March,et al.  A primer on decision making : how decisions happen , 1994 .