Charles Bonnet Visual Hallucinations in Children: A Systematic Review

Visual pathway lesions are known to cause visual hallucinations and when they are complex, are described as Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS). CBS hallucinations are common in adults and prevalence rates may be up to 40%. Very little is known about the prevalence and characteristics of CBS in children. If the postulated theories as to the cause of CBS are correct, 'sensory deprivation' or 'release', then it stands to reason that children also suffer from this disorder. A systematic review was conducted to identify reports of CBS in children and compare the findings to that reported in the literature concerning adults.

[1]  M. Lanska,et al.  Visual "release" hallucinations in juvenile neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis. , 1993, Pediatric neurology.

[2]  P. Rabins,et al.  Visual hallucinations in patients with macular degeneration. , 1992, The American journal of psychiatry.

[3]  Ö. Aydın,et al.  Charles Bonnet syndrome after herpes simplex encephalitis. , 2012, Pediatric neurology.

[4]  F. Andermann,et al.  Complex visual hallucinations. Clinical and neurobiological insights. , 1998, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[5]  M. Takeda,et al.  Treatment of typical Charles Bonnet syndrome with donepezil. , 2004, International clinical psychopharmacology.

[6]  R. Teunisse CHARLES BONNET SYNDROME, INSIGHT AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT , 1997, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[7]  M. Gianelli,et al.  Olanzapine therapy in hallucinatory visions related to Bonnet syndrome , 2005, Neurological Sciences.

[8]  T. Schwartz,et al.  Charles Bonnet syndrome in children. , 1998, Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus.

[9]  Yalin Zhang,et al.  The prevalence and clinical characteristics of Charles Bonnet syndrome in Chinese patients. , 2012, General hospital psychiatry.

[10]  J. Lance,et al.  Visual hallucinations as a symptom of right parieto-occipital lesions. , 1974, Proceedings of the Australian Association of Neurologists.

[11]  T. Sørensen,et al.  The prevalence and clinical characteristics of Charles Bonnet Syndrome in Danish patients with neovascular age‐related macular degeneration , 2012, Acta ophthalmologica.

[12]  Ronald Melzack,et al.  The Charles Bonnet Syndrome: ‘Phantom Visual Images’ , 1991, Perception.

[13]  R. Teunisse,et al.  Clinical evaluation of 14 patients with the Charles Bonnet syndrome (isolated visual hallucinations). , 1994, Comprehensive psychiatry.

[14]  G. de Morsier [The Charles Bonnet syndrome: visual hallucinations in the aged without mental deficiency]. , 1967, Annales medico-psychologiques.

[15]  S. Tugtekin,et al.  Charles Bonnet Syndrome: successful treatment of visual hallucinations due to vision loss with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors , 2007, Journal of psychopharmacology.

[16]  V. Towle,et al.  Charles Bonnet Syndrome: An Early Marker for Dementia? , 1996, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[17]  C. Kornreich,et al.  Pediatric phantom vision (Charles Bonnet) syndrome. , 2002, Pediatric neurology.

[18]  T. Terao,et al.  Treatment of Charles Bonnet syndrome with valproate. , 2000, International clinical psychopharmacology.

[19]  C. Striem,et al.  Vision Rehabilitation assessment, intervention and outcomes , 2000 .

[20]  J. Cummings,et al.  Visual Hallucinations: Clinical Occurrence and Use in Differential Diagnosis , 1987 .

[21]  J. Jan,et al.  Visual Hallucinations after Acute Visual Loss in a Young Child , 1992, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[22]  M. Jackson,et al.  Contrast sensitivity and visual hallucinations in patients referred to a low vision rehabilitation clinic , 2006, British Journal of Ophthalmology.

[23]  M. Vukicevic,et al.  Butterflies and black lacy patterns: the prevalence and characteristics of Charles Bonnet hallucinations in an Australian population , 2008, Clinical & experimental ophthalmology.

[24]  R. Teunisse,et al.  The Charles Bonnet Syndrome: A Large Prospective Study in the Netherlands , 1995, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[25]  Richard V Abadi,et al.  Visual loss and visual hallucinations in patients with age-related macular degeneration (Charles Bonnet syndrome). , 2007, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[26]  Steroid-responsive charles bonnet syndrome in temporal arteritis. , 2004, The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences.