Extending "out of the body" saltation to 2d mobile tactile interaction

Funneling and saltation are two main perceptual illusion techniques for vibro-tactile feedback. They are often used to minimize the number of vibrators to be worn on the body and thereby build a less cumbersome and expensive feedback device. Recently, these techniques have been found to elicit "out of the body" experience, i.e. feeling for phantom sensations indirectly on a hand-held object. This paper explores the practical applicability of this theoretical result to mobile tactile interaction. Two psychophysical experiments were run to validate: (1) the 1D saltation effect through the hand-held smart phone, and (2) the effect of saltation based approach to 2D phantom sensation elicitation. Experimental results have first confirmed the same "out of the body" saltation effect in 1D, originally tested on a metallic ruler by Miyazaki [15], on an actual mobile device. In addition, 2D modulated phantom sensation with a resolution of 5 x 3 on a 3.5 inch display space was achieved with saltation based stimulation.

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