Synchronization and sampling in wireless adaptive signal processing systems

This paper deals with the synchronization in wireless adaptive signal processing systems. Wireless communication offers high flexibility, however, the distributed structure of wireless systems requires the synchronization of the subsystems. The synchronization becomes particularly important if the signal bandwidth is in the kHz range, and it is inevitable in distributed control systems. The demand on the synchronization is presented through the introduction of a wireless active noise control system. In this system wireless sensors (microphones) receive the signal, and the main signal processing algorithm is implemented on a central unit which produces the signal for the actuators (loudspeakers). In spite of the special application, the system has a general structure, so the results are valid for other adaptive systems. First a PLL like algorithm is described for the synchronization of the sampling in a wireless real-time signal processing system, then a higher-level synchronization is introduced for a distrib uted Fourier-analyzer based noise control system. The effectiveness of the algorithms is demonstrated by measurement results.

[1]  S. Biyiksiz,et al.  Multirate digital signal processing , 1985, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[2]  A. Goldsmith,et al.  Wireless medium access control in networked control systems , 2004, Proceedings of the 2004 American Control Conference.

[3]  A.G. Alleyne,et al.  Closed-loop control over wireless networks , 2004, IEEE Control Systems.

[4]  Gyula Simon,et al.  The flooding time synchronization protocol , 2004, SenSys '04.

[5]  Sandro Zampieri,et al.  Trends in Networked Control Systems , 2008 .

[6]  L. Rabiner,et al.  A digital signal processing approach to interpolation , 1973 .

[7]  Sanjay Kumar Madria,et al.  Sensor networks: an overview , 2003 .

[8]  Archana Bharathidasan,et al.  Sensor Networks : An Overview , 2002 .

[9]  Gábor Péceli,et al.  A common structure for recursive discrete transforms , 1986 .

[10]  F. Nagy,et al.  Measurement of signal parameters by using nonlinear observers , 1991, [1991] Conference Record. IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference.

[11]  G. Peceli,et al.  Synchronization of sampling in distributed signal processing systems , 2003, IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing, 2003.

[12]  E. Meijering.  A chronology of interpolation: from ancient astronomy to modern signal and image processing , 2002, Proc. IEEE.

[13]  Kay Römer.  Time synchronization in ad hoc networks , 2001, MobiHoc '01.

[14]  Israel Bar-David,et al.  Capacity and coding for the Gilbert-Elliot channels , 1989, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[15]  S.J. Elliott,et al.  Active noise control , 1993, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.

[16]  Panos J. Antsaklis,et al.  Control and Communication Challenges in Networked Real-Time Systems , 2007, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[17]  Deborah Estrin,et al.  Proceedings of the 5th Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation Fine-grained Network Time Synchronization Using Reference Broadcasts , 2022 .

[18]  William S. Levine,et al.  Handbook Of Networked And Embedded Control Systems , 2007 .

[19]  Eric Rondeau,et al.  Wireless Networked Control System using IEEE 802.15.4 with GTS , 2008 .

[20]  Kay Römer,et al.  Time Synchronization and Calibration in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2005, Handbook of Sensor Networks.

[21]  Saurabh Ganeriwal,et al.  Timing-sync protocol for sensor networks , 2003, SenSys '03.

[22]  J. Elson,et al.  Fine-grained network time synchronization using reference broadcasts , 2002, OSDI '02.

[23]  Dong-Sung Kim,et al.  Wireless Fieldbus for Networked Control Systems using LR-WPAN , 2008 .

[24]  Sen M. Kuo,et al.  Active noise control: a tutorial review , 1999, Proc. IEEE.

[25]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Wireless sensor networks: a survey , 2002, Comput. Networks.

[26]  A. Goldsmith,et al.  Wireless network design for distributed control , 2004, 2004 43rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37601).

[27]  Gilles Thonet,et al.  WIRELESS AD-HOC NETWORKS FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION: CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS , 2005 .

[28]  Stephen J. Elliott,et al.  The behavior of a multiple channel active control system , 1992, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[29]  E. Meijering,et al.  A chronology of interpolation: from ancient astronomy to modern signal and image processing , 2002, Proc. IEEE.