Effect of chemical treatment on wettability of Zalacca fibres as composites reinforcements

The aim of this research is to study the influence of sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate and calcium hydroxide treatment on the wettability characteristics of zalacca fibres. The wettability test was carried out by measuring the contact angle between the fluid and fibre surface. The distilled water and ethylene glycol represent the polar and dispersive fluid, respectively. By entering the contact angle and liquid surface energy of distilled water and ethylene glycol simultaneously into the substitution of Young-Dupres and Owen-Wendt equation, the surface energy of fibres was determined. The treatment caused the decrease in contact angle inducing the enhancement in surface energy. The increase of surface energy of the zalacca fibres by NaOH treatment was the highest, followed by Ca(OH)2 and NaHCO3 treatment. Based on the fibre content analysis and SEM examination, this is due to the basicity of the solution causing the cleaning effect, in which the sodium hydroxide is the strongest, followed by calcium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate solution. The wettability of zalacca fibres as composite reinforcement is raised by NaOH, Ca(OH)2 and NaHCO3 treatment.

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