Teaching Chinese Handwriting by Automatic Feedback and Analysis for Incorrect Stroke Sequence and Stroke Production Errors

Writing Chinese character is not trivial and people often commit stroke sequence error and stroke production errors. In this paper, we propose a web-based education system which allows users to practice Chinese handwriting freely. An Automatic Feedback and Analysis (AFA) tool is introduced to the system which can automatically check both the stroke sequence errors and stroke production errors by analyzing the online data of the learner's input character. Feedback will be provided if the learner commits errors in the stroke sequence and/or during stroke production. Experimental results demonstrated that our method can check multiple handwriting errors with encouraging accuracy. User studies showed that the learning time is shorter if our proposed system is used.

[1]  N. Law,et al.  Children's stroke sequence errors in writing Chinese characters , 1998 .

[2]  Etienne Burdet,et al.  A robotic teacher of Chinese handwriting , 2002, Proceedings 10th Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems. HAPTICS 2002.

[3]  Chwee Keng Tan,et al.  An algorithm for online strokes verification of Chinese characters using discrete features , 2002, Proceedings Eighth International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition.

[4]  Rainer E. Burkard,et al.  Linear Assignment Problems and Extensions , 1999, Handbook of Combinatorial Optimization.

[5]  Akira Suzuki,et al.  On-line cursive Kanji character recognition as stroke correspondence problem , 1995, Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition.

[6]  Pierre Courtellemont,et al.  School level recognition from children's drawings and writing , 2002, Object recognition supported by user interaction for service robots.

[7]  Akinori Kawamura,et al.  An on-line Japanese character recognition method using length-based stroke correspondence algorithm , 1997, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition.

[8]  Wen-Hsiang Tsai,et al.  Attributed String Matching with Merging for Shape Recognition , 1985, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[9]  Chun-Hung Tzeng,et al.  A multimedia project in teaching Chinese and Japanese at Ball State University , 1996, 1996 IEEE International Conference on Multi Media Engineering Education. Conference Proceedings.

[10]  Takeshi Shimomura Science Of The Stroke Sequence Of Kanji , 1980, COLING.

[11]  Wen-Hsiang Tsai,et al.  Attributed String Matching by Split-and-Merge for On-Line Chinese Character Recognition , 1993, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[12]  Zhang Xiaozhen,et al.  The design and implementation of multimedia intelligent tutoring system for Chinese characters , 1994, Proceedings IEEE 1st International Conference on Multi Media Engineering Education.

[13]  Caroline Coit,et al.  Peer review in an online college writing course , 2004, IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, 2004. Proceedings..

[14]  Kazumi Odaka,et al.  On-Line Cursive Kanji Character Recognition Using Stroke-Based Affine Transformation , 1997, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..