Low-frequency acoustic propagation loss in the Arctic Ocean: Results of the Arctic climate observations using underwater sound experiment

Acoustic data from the Arctic climate observations using underwater sound (ACOUS) experiment are analyzed to determine the correlation between acoustic propagation loss and the seasonal variability of sea ice thickness. The objective of this research is to provide long-term synoptic monitoring of sea ice thickness, an important global climate variable, using acoustic remote sensing. As part of the ACOUS program an autonomous acoustic source deployed northwest of Franz Josef Land transmitted tomographic signals at 20.5Hz once every four days from October 1998 until December 1999. These signals were received on a vertical array in the Lincoln Sea 1250km away. Two of the signals transmitted in April 1999 were received on a vertical array at ice camp APLIS in the Chukchi Sea north of Point Barrow, Alaska, at a distance of approximately 2720km from the source. Temporal variations of the modal propagation loss are examined. The influence of ice parameters, variations of the sound speed profile, and mode-couplin...

[1]  B. Buck,et al.  Arctic Deep‐Water Propagation Measurements , 1964 .

[2]  R. H. Mellen,et al.  Low‐frequency attenuation in the Pacific Ocean , 1975 .

[3]  T. C. Yang.  A method of range and depth estimation by modal decomposition , 1987 .

[4]  Ellen S. Livingston,et al.  Estimation of average under‐ice reflection amplitudes and phases using matched‐field processing , 1987 .

[5]  Thomas H. Jordan,et al.  Stochastic Modeling of Seafloor Morphology: Inversion of Sea Beam Data for Second-Order Statistics , 1988 .

[6]  W. Kuperman,et al.  Self-consistent perturbation approach to rough surface scattering in stratified elastic media , 1989 .

[7]  Mark Porter,et al.  The KRAKEN normal mode program , 1992 .

[8]  Ronald R. Coifman,et al.  Entropy-based algorithms for best basis selection , 1992, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[9]  R. Bourke,et al.  Contour mapping of Arctic basin ice draft and roughness parameters , 1992 .

[10]  H. Schmidt,et al.  Modeling of low‐frequency transmission loss in the central Arctic , 1994 .

[11]  A. Gavrilov,et al.  Experiment tests use of acoustics to monitor temperature and ice in Arctic Ocean , 1995 .

[12]  D. Farmer,et al.  Shallow‐water receptions from the transarctic acoustic propagation experiment , 1996 .

[13]  B. Sotirin,et al.  Boundary undercurrent and water mass changes in the Lincoln Sea , 1997 .

[14]  D. Rothrock,et al.  Thinning of the Arctic sea‐ice cover , 1999 .

[15]  Arthur B. Baggeroer,et al.  The Transarctic Acoustic Propagation Experiment and climate monitoring in the Arctic , 1999 .

[16]  Walter B. Tucker,et al.  Indirect measurements of the mass balance of summer Arctic sea ice with an electromagnetic induction technique , 2001, Annals of Glaciology.

[17]  Acoustic thermometry in the Arctic Ocean , 2001 .

[18]  G. Duckworth,et al.  Low-frequency long-range propagation and reverberation in the central Arctic: Analysis of experimental results , 2001 .

[19]  A. Gavrilov,et al.  Mode-Coupling Effects in Acoustic Thermometry of the Arctic Ocean , 2001 .