Ligand-Gated Ion Channels

Ligand-gated ion channels are membrane proteins that are fundamental signaling molecules in neurons. These molecules are localized in the plasmalemma and on intracellular organelles and can be gated by both intracellular and extracellular ligands. The neurotransmitter-gated ion channels discussed in this chapter mediate fast excitation and inhibition in the nervous system and have now been well characterized by physiological and molecular studies. Studies using the technique of voltage and patch-clamp recording have examined the three basic features of an ion channel: gating, conductance and selective permeability.

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