An Optically-Powered 432 MHz Wireless Tag for Batteryless Internet-of-Things Applications

This paper presents an optically-powered wireless tag, integrating a charge pump (CP) and a low-power RF transmitter for batteryless Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. The proposed charge pump with hysteresis regulation mechanism (HRM) powers the transmitter circuit using indoor light energy. The charge pump enables the transmitter whenever the output capacitor stores sufficient energy and guarantees a short period signal transmission. The proposed low-power transmitter contains the subharmonically injection-locked PLL and the capacitive coupling technique to achieve a large frequency multiplication ratio. The proposed batteryless wireless chip is fabricated in 0.18-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS process. The measurement results demonstrate that the proposed charge pump provides a 1.1 to 1.3 V hysteresis regulated voltage under indoor light illumination larger than 300 lux. The charge pump achieves 84.1% peak efficiency and the communication distance of 3 meters is demonstrated while only consuming <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$248~\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.

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