Modularization critical success factors accomplishment: Learning from case studies

A well-known method of improving productivity in the construction industry is modularization, in which a portion of potential site-based work is carried out in fabrication/assembly shops. The construction industry as a whole, however, makes little use of modularization. Previous studies have identified how modularization is used now as well as the obstacles to applying it to projects. To help achieve wider and more effective use of modularization, the Construction Industry Institute’s (CII) Research Team 283 identified in 2013 21 critical success factors (CSFs). Information that is still missing, however, is the current level of CSF accomplishment on actual modular projects. This work collects such information and analyzes the general status of, degree of, and timing of CSFs accomplishment. This work finds that what appear to be challenging but valuable opportunities to increase modularization are higher degree of accomplishment in early completion recognition, investment in studies, and owner-delay avoidance. Moreover, this paper recommends earlier accomplishment on the following CSFs: module envelope limitations, alignment on drivers, module fabricator capability, and vendor involvement. This understanding of how well the industry accomplishes modularization CSFs should provide insight into how to achieve higher levels of modularization.