Microcircuits of the Striatum

The striatum is the major division of the basal ganglia, a group of subcortical nuclei involved in a variety of processes including motor, associative, cognitive and mnemonic functions. The dorsal division of the basal ganglia consists of the striatum, the globus pallidus (GP, external segment of the globus pallidus, or GPe, in primates), entopeduncular nucleus (EP, internal segment of globus pallidus, or GPi, in primates), the subthalamic nucleus (STN), and the substantia nigra (SN). The SN is divided into two main parts, the dorsal pars compacta (SNC), in which the dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons reside, and the more ventral pars reticulata (SNR). The ventral division of the basal ganglia, which is primarily associated with limbic functions, consists of the ventral striatum or nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum, and ventral tegemental area.

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