Additive Manufacturing in Medicine

Additive Manufacturing (AM) as an engineering technology has enabled several advances in the medical field, particularly as far as surgical planning is concerned. The use of AM in medicine has added, in an era in which so many new technologies are constantly being developed, the possibility of carrying out surgical planning and simulation using a three-dimensional physical model that is realistic and very true to the patient’s own anatomy. AM is a technology that enables the production of physical object or anatomic models – called “biomodels” – directly from a 3D virtual model (obtained by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging techniques) from microscopic powder. This article presents AM technologies applied to the design and manufacture of a biomodel, in this case, an implant for the surgical reconstruction of large cranial defects. The protocol presented was used to create an anatomic biomodel of the bone defect for the surgical planning stage, and the design and manufacture of the patient-specific implant, for the actual surgery, reducing the duration of the surgery in addition to improving the surgical accuracy due to preoperative planning of the anatomical details.

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