Robust Multi-Agent Asynchronously Compensated Decentralized Frequency Synchronization Control Scheme for Microgrids

This paper proposes a new control scheme for synchronization of microgrids based on a multi-agent asynchronously compensated control algorithm. Each distributed generation (DG) unit is considered as an agent which can communicate with other agents or the main power grid. A new reduced-order observer is also introduced to approximate the frequency of each agent. The approximated parameters are then implemented in the proposed controller to control each DG. It is indicated that each agent in the microgrid can be represented as a dynamic oscillator which are interconnected by coupling and communication links. The proposed decentralized control algorithm is given in asynchronously compensated topology which considers the delay in communication links between agents. The deviation from the desired frequency is modeled in the droop-control structure of each DG. The proposed control scheme is configured in both leader–follower and leaderless structures and results in frequency coordination among DGs. Therefore, a soft synchronization load sharing performance achieved when there are nonlinear loads such as plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) in the microgrids. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.