Impact of Future Trends on Exascale Grid and Cloud Computing

This paper explores the impact of future trends on Exascale Grid/Cloud Computing systems and data-centers, including: i next-generation multi-core processors using 14 nm CMOS, ii next-generation photonic Integrated Circuit IC technologies, and iii a next-generation Enhanced-Internet 'lean' router. The new low-power processors offer i¾? 100 cores and a large embedded memory eRAM on one CMOS IC. Photonic ICs can potentially lower the size and energy requirements of systems significantly. The lean router supports deterministic TDM-based virtual circuit-switching in a packet-switched IP network, which lowers router buffer sizes and queueing latencies by a factor of 1,000. Our analysis indicates that an entire 'lean' router optical packet switch can be fabricated on one photonic IC. Exascale roadmaps have called for: i energy reductions by factors of 100 by 2020, and ii predictive designs of i¾? 200 PetaFlop/sec systems which consume 15 MW by 2015. Using 2015 technology, we present high-level predictive designs of i¾? 100 PF/sec Grid and Cloud systems which use i¾? 13.1 MW for computation, and i¾? 0.5 and 1.5 MW for communications respectively.